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Charles Dickens' "Oliver Twist" Chapters 14-26 311 words

Vocabulary study list for Charles Dickens' "Oliver Twist" (Chapters 14-26).

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  1. ruminate
    reflect deeply on a subject
    After ruminating for some minutes with his chin sunk on his breast, he raised his head and said, with a deep sigh, that if flash Toby Crackit reported aright, he feared the game was up.
  2. snooze
    sleep lightly or for a short period of time
    'And wot,' said Sikes, scowling fiercely on his agreeable friend, 'wot makes you take so much pains about one chalk-faced kid, when you know there are fifty boys snoozing about Common Garden every night, as you might pick and choose from?'
  3. deface
    mar or spoil the appearance of
    At length they came back into the town; and, turning into an old public-house with a defaced sign-board, ordered some dinner by the kitchen fire.
  4. slipshod
    marked by great carelessness
    A pair of slipshod feet shuffled, hastily, across the bare floor of the room, as this interrogatory was put; and there issued, from a door on the right hand; first, a feeble candle: and next, the form of the same individual who has been heretofore
  5. reciprocate
    act, feel, or give mutually or in return
    'Certainly not,' replied the Jew, reciprocating the grin with which Charley put the question.
  6. frolicsome
    given to merry frolicking
    'They're _so_ happy, _so_ frolicsome, and _so_ cheerful, that they are quite companions for me.'
  7. infuriate
    make furious
    This resistance only infuriated Mr. Sikes the more; who, dropping on his knees, began to assail the animal most furiously.
  8. regale
    provide with choice or abundant food or drink
    The hero sinks upon his straw bed, weighed down by fetters and misfortunes; in the next scene, his faithful but unconscious squire regales the audience with a comic song.
  9. saturnine
    bitter or scornful
    The Artful, meantime, who was of a rather saturnine disposition, and seldom gave way to merriment when it interfered with business, rifled Oliver's pockets with steady assiduity.
  10. expatiate
    add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing
    When the old lady had expatiated, a long time, on the excellences of her children, and the merits of her kind good husband besides, who had been dead and gone, poor dear soul! just six-and-twenty years, it was time to have tea.
  11. dismantle
    take off or remove
    The house was dark, dismantled: and the all appearance, uninhabited.
  12. abscond
    run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along
    'FIVE GUINEAS REWARD

    'Whereas a young boy, named Oliver Twist, absconded, or was enticed, on Thursday evening last, from his home, at Pentonville; and has not since been heard of.
  13. nozzle
    a projecting spout from which a fluid is discharged
    'Never mind him, my dear,' said the Jew, winking at Mr. Dawkins, and giving Master Bates a reproving tap with the nozzle of the bellows.
  14. trudge
    walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud
    Then, came straggling groups of labourers going to their work; then, men and women with fish-baskets on their heads; donkey-carts laden with vegetables; chaise-carts filled with live-stock or whole carcasses of meat; milk-women with pails; an unbroken con
  15. occupier
    someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there
    It was a meanly furnished apartment, with nothing but the contents of the closet to induce the belief that its occupier was anything but a working man; and with no more suspicious articles displayed to view than two or three heavy bludgeons which s
  16. dangle
    hang freely
    A very small-plaited shirt frill stuck out from his waistcoat; and a very long steel watch-chain, with nothing but a key at the end, dangled loosely below it.
  17. fumble
    feel about uncertainly or blindly
    Stretching forth her trembling fingers as she spoke, the old creature shook them exultingly before her face, and fumbling in her pocket, brought out an old time-discoloured tin snuff-box, from which she shook a few grains into the outstretched palm
  18. crone
    an ugly evil-looking old woman
    The old crone tottered along the passages, and up the stairs, muttering some indistinct answers to the chidings of her companion; being at length compelled to pause for breath, she gave the light into her hand, and remained behind to follow as she
  19. corroborate
    give evidence for
    The old man rubbed his hands gleefully together, as he corroborated the Dodger's reasoning in these terms; and chuckled with delight at his pupil's proficiency.
  20. disinclination
    a certain degree of unwillingness
    After some discussion, in which all three took an active part, it was decided that Nancy should repair to the Jew's next evening when the night had set in, and bring Oliver away with her; Fagin craftily observing, that, if he evinced any disinclination
  21. witticism
    a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter
    In pursuance of this request, Nancy quickly laid the cloth; disappearing for a few minutes, she presently returned with a pot of porter and a dish of sheep's heads: which gave occasion to several pleasant witticisms on the part of Mr. Sikes, founde
  22. disengage
    release from something that holds fast, connects, or entangles
    'Serve him right!' cried Sikes, struggling to disengage himself from the girl's grasp.
  23. larceny
    the act of taking something from someone unlawfully
    It is a commercial colony of itself: the emporium of petty larceny: visited at early morning, and setting-in of dusk, by silent merchants, who traffic in dark back-parlours, and who go as strangely as they come.
  24. engender
    make children
    As he glided stealthily along, creeping beneath the shelter of the walls and doorways, the hideous old man seemed like some loathsome reptile, engendered in the slime and darkness through which he moved: crawling forth, by night, in search of some
  25. clammy
    unpleasantly cool and humid
    The mud lay thick upon the stones, and a black mist hung over the streets; the rain fell sluggishly down, and everything felt cold and clammy to the touch.
  26. inhale
    draw deep into the lungs in by breathing
    Master Bates nodded assent, and would have spoken, but the recollection of Oliver's flight came so suddenly upon him, that the smoke he was inhaling got entangled with a laugh, and went up into his head, and down into his throat: and brought on a f
  27. bludgeon
    a club used as a weapon
    It was a meanly furnished apartment, with nothing but the contents of the closet to induce the belief that its occupier was anything but a working man; and with no more suspicious articles displayed to view than two or three heavy bludgeons which s
  28. adage
    a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people
    There must always be two parties to a quarrel, says the old adage.
  29. asperity
    harshness of manner
    It is worthy of remark, as a curious physical instance of the efficacy of a sudden surprise in counteracting the effects of extreme fear, that her voice had quite recovered all its official asperity.
  30. refine
    reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities
    Deep affliction has but strengthened and refined them.'
  31. stipend
    a sum of money allotted on a regular basis; usually for some specific purpose
    'We are forgetting business, ma'am,' said the beadle; 'here is your porochial stipend for the month.'
  32. sully
    make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically
    Mr. Bumble, having spread a handkerchief over his knees to prevent the crumbs from sullying the splendour of his shorts, began to eat and drink; varying these amusements, occasionally, by fetching a deep sigh; which, however, had no injurious effec
  33. reprove
    take to task
    'Never mind him, my dear,' said the Jew, winking at Mr. Dawkins, and giving Master Bates a reproving tap with the nozzle of the bellows.
  34. remonstrate
    argue in protest or opposition
    'But do you mean to say, my dear,' remonstrated the Jew, 'that the women can't be got over?'
  35. huddle
    a disorganized and densely packed crowd
    Oliver sat huddled together, in a corner of the cart; bewildered with alarm and apprehension; and figuring strange objects in the gaunt trees, whose branches waved grimly to and fro, as if in some fantastic joy at the desolation of the scene.
  36. turbulence
    instability in the atmosphere
    Everything was so quiet, and neat, and orderly; everybody so kind and gentle; that after the noise and turbulence in the midst of which he had always lived, it seemed like Heaven itself.
  37. overpower
    overcome by superior force
    Weak with recent illness; stupified by the blows and the suddenness of the attack; terrified by the fierce growling of the dog, and the brutality of the man; overpowered by the conviction of the bystanders that he really was the hardened little wre
  38. inclining
    the act of inclining; bending forward
    I have not told you all, have I?'

    'No, no,' replied the matron, inclining her head to catch the words, as they came more faintly from the dying woman.
  39. smirk
    smile affectedly or derisively
    He looked tired and worn, but there was the same complacent repose upon his features that they always wore: and through dirt, and beard, and whisker, there still shone, unimpaired, the self-satisfied smirk of flash Toby Crackit.
  40. mischance
    an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate
    It was also solemnly arranged that poor Oliver should, for the purposes of the contemplated expedition, be unreservedly consigned to the care and custody of Mr. William Sikes; and further, that the said Sikes should deal with him as he thought fit; and sh
  41. irascible
    quickly aroused to anger
    If he is not--' Here the irascible old gentleman gave a great knock on the ground with his stick; which was always understood, by his friends, to imply the customary offer, whenever it was not expressed in words.
  42. evasive
    avoiding or escaping from difficulty or danger especially enemy fire
    To this inquiry the girl returned the not uncommon, but rather evasive reply of 'I don't know; where do you come from?'
  43. communicative
    able or tending to communicate
    Now, whether a peculiar contraction of the Jew's red eye-brows, and a half closing of his deeply-set eyes, warned Miss Nancy that she was disposed to be too communicative, is not a matter of much importance.
  44. agitate
    move or cause to move back and forth
    She seemed to speak the truth; her countenance was white and agitated; and she trembled with very earnestness.
  45. avocation
    an auxiliary activity
    CHAPTER XVIII

    HOW OLIVER PASSED HIS TIME IN THE IMPROVING SOCIETY OF HIS REPUTABLE FRIENDS

    About noon next day, when the Dodger and Master Bates had gone out to pursue their customary avocations, Mr. Fagin took the opportunity of reading Oliver a
  46. entice
    provoke someone to do something through (often false or exaggerated) promises or persuasion
    'FIVE GUINEAS REWARD

    'Whereas a young boy, named Oliver Twist, absconded, or was enticed, on Thursday evening last, from his home, at Pentonville; and has not since been heard of.
  47. mollify
    cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of
    Whether it was the sense of freedom and independence which a rational animal may be supposed to feel when he sits on a table in an easy attitude smoking a pipe, swinging one leg carelessly to and fro, and having his boots cleaned all the time, without eve
  48. beguile
    attract; cause to be enamored
    Beguiling the time with these pleasant reflections, Mr. Fagin wended his way, through mud and mire, to his gloomy abode: where the Dodger was sitting up, impatiently awaiting his return.
  49. reputable
    having a good reputation
    CHAPTER XVIII

    HOW OLIVER PASSED HIS TIME IN THE IMPROVING SOCIETY OF HIS REPUTABLE FRIENDS

    About noon next day, when the Dodger and Master Bates had gone out to pursue their customary avocations, Mr. Fagin took the opportunity of reading Oliver a
  50. facetious
    cleverly amusing in tone
    With this irrepressible ebullition of mirth, Master Bates laid himself flat on the floor: and kicked convulsively for five minutes, in an ectasy of facetious joy.
  51. aggravate
    make worse
    There was a faint glimmering of the coming day in the sky; but it rather aggravated than relieved the gloom of the scene: the sombre light only serving to pale that which the street lamps afforded, without shedding any warmer or brighter tints upo
  52. credence
    the mental attitude that something is believable and should be accepted as true
    But, then, the thought darted across his mind that it was barely eleven o'clock; and that many people were still in the streets: of whom surely some might be found to give credence to his tale.
  53. scuffle
    fight or struggle in a confused way at close quarters
    'No, she hasn't,' said Nancy, pale and breathless from the scuffle; 'no, she hasn't, Fagin; don't think it.'
  54. altercation
    noisy quarrel
    That it was possible even for justice itself to confound the innocent with the guilty when they were in accidental companionship, he knew already; and that deeply-laid plans for the destruction of inconveniently knowing or over-communicative persons, had
  55. retrospective
    concerned with or related to the past
    Mr. Bumble put down his hat; unbuttoned his coat; folded his arms; inclined his head in a retrospective manner; and, after a few moments' reflection, commenced his story.
  56. insinuate
    give to understand
    Merely making a sign to a man at the bar, Fagin walked straight upstairs, and opening the door of a room, and softly insinuating himself into the chamber, looked anxiously about: shading his eyes with his hand, as if in search of some particular pe
  57. detract
    take away a part from; diminish
    He was a trifle above the middle size, and apparently rather weak in the legs; but this circumstance by no means detracted from his own admiration of his top-boots, which he contemplated, in their elevated situation, with lively satisfaction.
  58. evince
    give expression to
    Mr. Fagin laid great stress on the fact of his having taken Oliver in, and cherished him, when, without his timely aid, he might have perished with hunger; and he related the dismal and affecting history of a young lad whom, in his philanthropy, he had su
  59. earthy
    of or consisting of or resembling earth
    They crossed an empty kitchen; and, opening the door of a low earthy-smelling room, which seemed to have been built in a small back-yard, were received with a shout of laughter.
  60. illuminate
    make lighter or brighter
    The room was illuminated by two gas-lights; the glare of which was prevented by the barred shutters, and closely-drawn curtains of faded red, from being visible outside.
  61. cornice
    the topmost projecting part of an entablature
    The rooms upstairs had great high wooden chimney-pieces and large doors, with panelled walls and cornices to the ceiling; which, although they were black with neglect and dust, were ornamented in various ways.
  62. imprecation
    the act of calling down a curse that invokes evil (and usually serves as an insult)
    'What do you mean by this?' said Sikes; backing the inquiry with a very common imprecation concerning the most beautiful of human features: which, if it were heard above, only once out of every fifty thousand times that it is uttered below, would r
  63. skulk
    avoid responsibilities and duties, e.g., by pretending to be ill
    Avoiding, as much as was possible, all the main streets, and skulking only through the by-ways and alleys, he at length emerged on Snow Hill.
  64. denizen
    a plant or animal naturalized in a region
    He was well known to the sallow denizens of the lane; for such of them as were on the look-out to buy or sell, nodded, familiarly, as he passed along.
  65. acquiesce
    to agree or express agreement
    'No more we should,' acquiesced the Jew, who had been considering during this speech, and had only caught the last sentence.
  66. subside
    sink to a lower level or form a depression
    It is a common thing for the countenances of the dead, even in that fixed and rigid state, to subside into the long-forgotten expression of sleeping infancy, and settle into the very look of early life; so calm, so peaceful, do they grow again, tha
  67. interpose
    introduce
    'I never, never will, sir,' interposed Oliver.
  68. rejoinder
    a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)
    And all the infant paupers might have chorussed the rejoinder with great propriety, if they had heard it.
  69. portly
    euphemisms for `fat'
    Mr. Bumble emerged at early morning from the workhouse-gate, and walked with portly carriage and commanding steps, up the High Street.
  70. bounce
    spring back; spring away from an impact
    She was bouncing away, when a cry from the two women, who had turned towards the bed, caused her to look round.
  71. recede
    pull back or move away or backward
    The receding footsteps of the speaker were heard; and, in another minute, the form of Mr. John Dawkins, otherwise the Artful Dodger, appeared.
  72. nicety
    conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety
    Oliver murmured his comprehension of the different bodies referred to; and Mr. Sikes proceeded to load the pistol, with great nicety and deliberation.
  73. impropriety
    the condition of being improper
    The lady modestly hesitated to reply, lest there should be any impropriety in holding an interview with Mr. Bumble, with closed doors.
  74. equanimity
    steadiness of mind under stress
    How slight a thing will disturb the equanimity of our frail minds!
  75. abate
    become less in amount or intensity
    Thoroughly overpowered with the notion of Mr. Chitling being the victim of the tender passion, Master Bates threw himself back in his chair with such violence, that he lost his balance, and pitched over upon the floor; where (the accident abating n
  76. bode
    indicate by signs
    Possibly, if he had observed the brief interchange of signals, he might have thought that it boded no good to him.
  77. discernible
    perceptible by the senses or intellect
    It grew so dark, that the figures on the dial-plate were scarcely discernible; but there the two old gentlemen continued to sit, in silence, with the watch between them.
  78. parochial
    relating to or supported by or located in a parish
    He merely returned their salutations with a wave of his hand, and relaxed not in his dignified pace, until he reached the farm where Mrs. Mann tended the infant paupers with parochial care.
  79. menial
    used of unskilled work (especially domestic work)
    He could think of no bad object to be attained by sending him to Sikes, which would not be equally well answered by his remaining with Fagin; and after meditating for a long time, concluded that he had been selected to perform some ordinary menial
  80. pleasantry
    an agreeable or amusing remark
    The Jew rubbed his hands; and, sitting down at the table, affected to laugh at the pleasantry of his friend.
  81. imperceptible
    impossible or difficult to perceive by the mind or senses
    The Jew, perfectly understanding the hint, retired to fill it: previously exchanging a remarkable look with Fagin, who raised his eyes for an instant, as if in expectation of it, and shook his head in reply; so slightly that the action would have been al
  82. dote
    shower with love; show excessive affection for
    'Hold your tongue, you doting idiot!' said the matron sternly.
  83. energetically
    in an energetic manner
    It cannot be,' said the old lady energetically.
  84. irrepressible
    impossible to repress or control
    'Why, it's Nancy!' exclaimed Oliver; who now saw her face for the first time; and started back, in irrepressible astonishment.
  85. unpack
    remove from its packing
    But, however,' said the beadle, stopping to unpack his bundle, 'these are official secrets, ma'am; not to be spoken of; except, as I may say, among the porochial officers, such as ourselves.
  86. sanguinary
    accompanied by bloodshed
    That he had terminated his brief career in the place of his birth, by making a sanguinary and cowardly attack on an unoffending lad, and running away in the night-time from his master's house.
  87. allay
    lessen the intensity of or calm
    Whether his meditations were so intense as to be disturbed by the dog's winking, or whether his feelings were so wrought upon by his reflections that they required all the relief derivable from kicking an unoffending animal to allay them, is matter
  88. discordant
    not in agreement or harmony
    Turning down Sun Street and Crown Street, and crossing Finsbury square, Mr. Sikes struck, by way of Chiswell Street, into Barbican: thence into Long Lane, and so into Smithfield; from which latter place arose a tumult of discordant sounds that fill
  89. complacent
    contented to a fault with oneself or one's actions
    Finding she had done right, Mrs. Mann sighed again: evidently to the satisfaction of the public character: who, repressing a complacent smile by looking sternly at his cocked hat, said,

    'Mrs.
  90. incoherent
    without logical or meaningful connection
    With these incoherent exclamations, the young woman burst into another fit of crying, and got so dreadfully hysterical, that a couple of women who came up at the moment asked a butcher's boy with a shiny head of hair anointed with suet, who was als
  91. bewail
    regret strongly
    He was too well accustomed to suffering, and had suffered too much where he was, to bewail the prospect of change very severely.
  92. flaunt
    display proudly; act ostentatiously or pretentiously
    Hundreds of these handkerchiefs hang dangling from pegs outside the windows or flaunting from the door-posts; and the shelves, within, are piled with them.
  93. apothecary
    a health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs
    There was another old woman watching by the bed; the parish apothecary's apprentice was standing by the fire, making a toothpick out of a quill.
  94. stupor
    marginal consciousness
    While they were thus employed, the matron, who had been impatiently watching until the dying woman should awaken from her stupor, joined them by the fire, and sharply asked how long she was to wait?
  95. vagrant
    a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support
    "Then I'll die in the streets!" says the vagrant.
  96. bereft
    sorrowful through loss or deprivation
    But as the Jew, looking back, waved his hand to intimate that he preferred being alone; and, moreover, as the little man could not very easily disengage himself from the chair; the sign of the Cripples was, for a time, bereft of the advantage of Mr
  97. paroxysm
    a sudden uncontrollable attack
    In a paroxysm of fear, the boy closed the book, and thrust it from him.
  98. confuse
    mistake one thing for another
    He answered with some hesitation, because he was confused by Mr. Grimwig's looking so hard at him.
  99. philanthropy
    voluntary promotion of human welfare
    Mr. Fagin laid great stress on the fact of his having taken Oliver in, and cherished him, when, without his timely aid, he might have perished with hunger; and he related the dismal and affecting history of a young lad whom, in his philanthropy, he
  100. wend
    direct one's course or way
    Beguiling the time with these pleasant reflections, Mr. Fagin wended his way, through mud and mire, to his gloomy abode: where the Dodger was sitting up, impatiently awaiting his return.
  101. releasing
    emotionally purging (of e.g. art)
    'This way,' said the girl, releasing her hold for the first time.
  102. dutiful
    willingly obedient out of a sense of duty and respect
    As the old lady had been so kind to him in his illness, he endeavoured to think no more of the subject just then; so he listened attentively to a great many stories she told him, about an amiable and handsome daughter of hers, who was married to an amiabl
  103. pantomime
    a performance using gestures and body movements without words
    A young woman stumbled over a bit last night, and fell against my garden-railings; directly she got up I saw her look towards his infernal red lamp with the pantomime-light.
  104. sallow
    unhealthy looking
    The terrible descriptions were so real and vivid, that the sallow pages seemed to turn red with gore; and the words upon them, to be sounded in his ears, as if they were whispered, in hollow murmurs, by the spirits of the dead.
  105. invective
    abusive or venomous language used to express blame or censure or bitter deep-seated ill will
    At this intelligence, the worthy Mrs. Corney muttered a variety of invectives against old women who couldn't even die without purposely annoying their betters; and, muffling herself in a thick shawl which she hastily caught up, briefly requested Mr
  106. deplore
    express strong disapproval of
    Ah!'

    Mrs. Corney shook her head mournfully, as if deploring the mental blindness of those paupers who did not know it; and thrusting a silver spoon (private property) into the inmost recesses of a two-ounce tin tea-caddy, proceeded to make the tea
  107. dilapidated
    in deplorable condition
    There was a window on each side of the dilapidated entrance; and one story above; but no light was visible.
  108. catechism
    an elementary book summarizing the principles of a Christian religion; written as questions and answers
    He understands the catechism of his trade.'
  109. cower
    crouch or curl up
    Looking cautiously round, to ascertain that they were not overheard, the two hags cowered nearer to the fire, and chuckled heartily.
  110. authorship
    the act of creating written works
    As sudden shiftings of the scene, and rapid changes of time and place, are not only sanctioned in books by long usage, but are by many considered as the great art of authorship: an author's skill in his craft being, by such critics, chiefly estimat
  111. bask
    be exposed
    'You have a cat, ma'am, I see,' said Mr. Bumble, glancing at one who, in the centre of her family, was basking before the fire; 'and kittens too, I declare!'
  112. agility
    the gracefulness of a person or animal that is quick and nimble
    As the lady had stated her intention of screaming, of course she would have screamed at this additional boldness, but that the exertion was rendered unnecessary by a hasty knocking at the door: which was no sooner heard, than Mr. Bumble darted, with much
  113. descry
    catch sight of
    There was a back-garret window with rusty bars outside, which had no shutter; and out of this, Oliver often gazed with a melancholy face for hours together; but nothing was to be descried from it but a confused and crowded mass of housetops, blacke
  114. droll
    comical in an odd or whimsical manner
    At other times the old man would tell them stories of robberies he had committed in his younger days: mixed up with so much that was droll and curious, that Oliver could not help laughing heartily, and showing that he was amused in spite of all hi
  115. scamper
    to move about or proceed hurriedly
    Spiders had built their webs in the angles of the walls and ceilings; and sometimes, when Oliver walked softly into a room, the mice would scamper across the floor, and run back terrified to their holes.
  116. grimace
    contort the face to indicate a certain mental or emotional state
    'They're very pretty,' said Charley Bates: who, with sundry grimaces, had been affecting to read one of the volumes in question; 'beautiful writing, isn't is, Oliver?'
  117. invoke
    request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection
    Sikes, invoking terrific imprecations upon Fagin's head for sending Oliver on such an errand, plied the crowbar vigorously, but with little noise.
  118. flinch
    draw back, as with fear or pain
    There was no flinching about the girl.
  119. quack
    the harsh sound of a duck
    'You old women never believe anything but quack-doctors, and lying story-books,' growled Mr. Grimwig.
  120. livid
    furiously angry
    She pointed, hastily, to some livid bruises on her neck and arms; and continued, with great rapidity:

    'Remember this!
  121. drab
    a dull greyish to yellowish or light olive brown
    CHAPTER XV

    SHOWING HOW VERY FOND OF OLIVER TWIST, THE MERRY OLD JEW AND MISS NANCY WERE

    In the obscure parlour of a low public-house, in the filthiest part of Little Saffron Hill; a dark and gloomy den, where a flaring gas-light burnt all day in the win
  122. hallowed
    worthy of religious veneration
    The boy was lying, fast asleep, on a rude bed upon the floor; so pale with anxiety, and sadness, and the closeness of his prison, that he looked like death; not death as it shows in shroud and coffin, but in the guise it wears when life has just departed;
  123. tenacity
    persistent determination
    He was in the full bloom and pride of beadlehood; his cocked hat and coat were dazzling in the morning sun; he clutched his cane with the vigorous tenacity of health and power.
  124. jagged
    having a sharply uneven surface or outline
    'So you wanted to get away, my dear, did you?' said the Jew, taking up a jagged and knotted club which law in a corner of the fireplace; 'eh?'
  125. scald
    burn with a hot liquid or steam
    The black teapot, being very small and easily filled, ran over while Mrs. Corney was moralising; and the water slightly scalded Mrs. Corney's hand.
  126. unconstitutional
    not consistent with or according to a constitution; contrary to the U.S. Constitution
    Mr. Chitling added, with strong marks of irritation, that the new way of fumigating clothes up yonder was infernal unconstitutional, for it burnt holes in them, and there was no remedy against the County.
  127. parry
    impede the movement of (an opponent or a ball)
    'Why, do you think?' inquired Fagin, parrying the question.
  128. inflexible
    resistant to being bent
    'To London, ma'am,' resumed the inflexible beadle, 'by coach.
  129. elevate
    raise from a lower to a higher position
    Such plate, my dear, such plate!' said the Jew: rubbing his hands, and elevating his eyebrows in a rapture of anticipation.
  130. regulating
    the act of controlling or directing according to rule
    The countenance of the first-named gentleman, peculiarly intelligent at all times, acquired great additional interest from his close observance of the game, and his attentive perusal of Mr. Chitling's hand; upon which, from time to time, as occasion serve
  131. plait
    a hairdo formed by braiding or twisting the hair
    A very small-plaited shirt frill stuck out from his waistcoat; and a very long steel watch-chain, with nothing but a key at the end, dangled loosely below it.
  132. simile
    a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with `like' or `as')
    The matron expressed her entire concurrence in this intelligible simile; and the beadle went on.
  133. banter
    light teasing repartee
    The old man, who was stooping over the fire toasting a piece of bread, looked round as he bantered Oliver thus; and chuckled as if to show that he knew he would still be very glad to get away if he could.
  134. evade
    avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing (duties, questions, or issues)
    But, unfortunately, Charley, in opening his mouth to reply that he was never more serious in his life, was unable to prevent the escape of such a violent roar, that the abused Mr. Chitling, without any preliminary ceremonies, rushed across the room and ai
  135. surly
    inclined to anger or bad feelings with overtones of menace
    'I planned with Toby, the night arter to-morrow,' rejoined Sikes in a surly voice, 'if he heerd nothing from me to the contrairy.'
  136. indistinct
    not clearly defined or easy to perceive or understand
    The speaker appeared to throw a boot-jack, or some such article, at the person he addressed, to rouse him from his slumbers: for the noise of a wooden body, falling violently, was heard; and then an indistinct muttering, as of a man between sleep
  137. functionary
    a worker who holds or is invested with an office
    It was a round table; and as Mrs. Corney and Mr. Bumble had been sitting opposite each other, with no great space between them, and fronting the fire, it will be seen that Mr. Bumble, in receding from the fire, and still keeping at the table, increased th
  138. ramble
    move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment
    'The boy grew so like his mother,' said the woman, rambling on, and not heeding the question, 'that I could never forget it when I saw his face.
  139. indolent
    disinclined to work or exertion
    To which, the butcher's boy: who appeared of a lounging, not to say indolent disposition: replied, that he thought not.
  140. incidental
    (sometimes followed by `to') minor or casual or subordinate in significance or nature or occurring as a chance concomitant or consequence
    The Jew wiped his forehead: and smiled, as if it were a relief to have the disturbance over; but neither he, nor Sikes, nor the dog, nor the boys, seemed to consider it in any other light than a common occurance incidental to business.
  141. unwonted
    out of the ordinary
    Oliver: who was completely stupified by the unwonted exercise, and the air, and the drink which had been forced upon him: put his hand mechanically into that which Sikes extended for the purpose.
  142. irrelevant
    having no bearing on or connection with the subject at issue
    Master Bates was also attentive to the play; but being of a more excitable nature than his accomplished friend, it was observable that he more frequently applied himself to the gin-and-water, and moreover indulged in many jests and irrelevant remar
  143. complacency
    the feeling you have when you are satisfied with yourself
    Oliver did as the old lady bade him; and, although she lamented grievously, meanwhile, that there was not even time to crimp the little frill that bordered his shirt-collar; he looked so delicate and handsome, despite that important personal advantage, th
  144. eddy
    a miniature whirlpool or whirlwind resulting when the current of a fluid doubles back on itself
    The snow lay on the ground, frozen into a hard thick crust, so that only the heaps that had drifted into byways and corners were affected by the sharp wind that howled abroad: which, as if expending increased fury on such prey as it found, caught it sava
  145. uneven
    (of a contest or contestants) not fairly matched as opponents
    Then came the loud ringing of a bell, mingled with the noise of fire-arms, and the shouts of men, and the sensation of being carried over uneven ground at a rapid pace.
  146. whit
    a tiny or scarcely detectable amount
    The transitions in real life from well-spread boards to death-beds, and from mourning-weeds to holiday garments, are not a whit less startling; only, there, we are busy actors, instead of passive lookers-on, which makes a vast difference.
  147. wily
    marked by skill in deception
    In short, the wily old Jew had the boy in his toils.
  148. stumble
    miss a step and fall or nearly fall
    A young woman stumbled over a bit last night, and fell against my garden-railings; directly she got up I saw her look towards his infernal red lamp with the pantomime-light.
  149. efficacy
    capacity or power to produce a desired effect
    It is worthy of remark, as a curious physical instance of the efficacy of a sudden surprise in counteracting the effects of extreme fear, that her voice had quite recovered all its official asperity.
  150. aperture
    a natural opening in something
    The aperture was so small, that the inmates had probably not thought it worth while to defend it more securely; but it was large enough to admit a boy of Oliver's size, nevertheless.
  151. labyrinth
    complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost
    In another moment he was dragged into a labyrinth of dark narrow courts, and was forced along them at a pace which rendered the few cries he dared to give utterance to, unintelligible.
  152. reek
    give off smoke, fumes, warm vapour, steam, etc.
    The ground was covered, nearly ankle-deep, with filth and mire; a thick steam, perpetually rising from the reeking bodies of the cattle, and mingling with the fog, which seemed to rest upon the chimney-tops, hung heavily above.
  153. boisterous
    full of rough and exuberant animal spirits
    At sight of the dismayed look with which Oliver regarded his tormentors, Master Bates, who was blessed with a lively sense of the ludicrous, fell into another ectasy, more boisterous than the first.
  154. perverse
    deviating from what is considered moral or right or proper or good
    He experienced no other crosses on the way, than those which originated in the perverse behaviour of the two paupers, who persisted in shivering, and complaining of the cold, in a manner which, Mr. Bumble declared, caused his teeth to chatter in hi
  155. mimic
    imitate (a person or manner), especially for satirical effect
    The actors in the mimic life of the theatre, are blind to violent transitions and abrupt impulses of passion or feeling, which, presented before the eyes of mere spectators, are at once condemned as outrageous and preposterous.
  156. pauper
    a person who is very poor
    He merely returned their salutations with a wave of his hand, and relaxed not in his dignified pace, until he reached the farm where Mrs. Mann tended the infant paupers with parochial care.
  157. facilitate
    make easier
    Mr. Bumble, having spread a handkerchief over his knees to prevent the crumbs from sullying the splendour of his shorts, began to eat and drink; varying these amusements, occasionally, by fetching a deep sigh; which, however, had no injurious effect upon
  158. loiter
    be about
    'He says he's worn sham whiskers, and a canary waistcoat, the whole blessed time he's been loitering down there, and it's all of no use.'
  159. rustle
    make a dry crackling sound
    He had concluded his prayer, but still remained with his head buried in his hands, when a rustling noise aroused him.
  160. nimble
    moving quickly and lightly
    The old crone tottered along the passages, and up the stairs, muttering some indistinct answers to the chidings of her companion; being at length compelled to pause for breath, she gave the light into her hand, and remained behind to follow as she might:
  161. amorous
    inclined toward or displaying love
    'It's of no use disguising facts, ma'am,' said Mr. Bumble, slowly flourishing the teaspoon with a kind of amorous dignity which made him doubly impressive; 'I would drown it myself, with pleasure.'
  162. goad
    stab or urge on as if with a pointed stick
    'I shall do you a mischief!' interposed the Jew, goaded by these reproaches; 'a mischief worse than that, if you say much more!'
  163. labouring
    doing arduous or unpleasant work
    Dogs are not generally apt to revenge injuries inflicted upon them by their masters; but Mr. Sikes's dog, having faults of temper in common with his owner, and labouring, perhaps, at this moment, under a powerful sense of injury, made no more ado b
  164. tangible
    perceptible by the senses especially the sense of touch
    As they produced no visible effect on the object against whom they were discharged, however, he resorted to more tangible arguments.
  165. depressing
    causing sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy
    The lights in the shops could scarecely struggle through the heavy mist, which thickened every moment and shrouded the streets and houses in gloom; rendering the strange place still stranger in Oliver's eyes; and making his uncertainty the more dismal and
  166. mire
    a soft wet area of low-lying land that sinks underfoot
    Beguiling the time with these pleasant reflections, Mr. Fagin wended his way, through mud and mire, to his gloomy abode: where the Dodger was sitting up, impatiently awaiting his return.
  167. genteel
    marked by refinement in taste and manners
    That makes no noise, and is quite as certain, and more genteel.
  168. ineffectual
    not producing an intended effect
    The girl said nothing more; but, tearing her hair and dress in a transport of passion, made such a rush at the Jew as would probably have left signal marks of her revenge upon him, had not her wrists been seized by Sikes at the right moment; upon which, s
  169. accost
    speak to someone
    The conversation proceeded no farther at this time, for the Jew had returned home accompanied by Miss Betsy, and a gentleman whom Oliver had never seen before, but who was accosted by the Dodger as Tom Chitling; and who, having lingered on the stai
  170. ensue
    issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end
    Oliver soon recovering from the fainting-fit into which Mr. Brownlow's abrupt exclamation had thrown him, the subject of the picture was carefully avoided, both by the old gentleman and Mrs. Bedwin, in the conversation that ensued: which indeed bo
  171. cant
    a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force
    I can't bear it; it is such a jolly game, I cant' bear it.
  172. drowsy
    half asleep
    'Ay,' murmured the sick woman, relapsing into her former drowsy state, 'what about her?--what about--I know!' she cried, jumping fiercely up: her face flushed, and her eyes starting from her head--'I robbed her, so I did!
  173. rousing
    capable of arousing enthusiasm or excitement
    'Yes,' said the Jew, as suddenly rousing himself.
  174. unaccountable
    not to be accounted for or explained
    The dog no doubt heard; because Mr. Sikes spoke in the very harshest key of a very harsh voice; but, appearing to entertain some unaccountable objection to having his throat cut, he remained where he was, and growled more fiercely than before: at
  175. extort
    obtain by coercion or intimidation
    As it extorted nothing from that gentleman but a smile, the old lady tossed her head, and smoothed down her apron preparatory to another speech, when she was stopped by Mr. Brownlow.
  176. anoint
    administer an oil or ointment to ; often in a religious ceremony of blessing
    With these incoherent exclamations, the young woman burst into another fit of crying, and got so dreadfully hysterical, that a couple of women who came up at the moment asked a butcher's boy with a shiny head of hair anointed with suet, who was als
  177. solace
    comfort in disappointment or misery
    In fact, Mrs. Corney was about to solace herself with a cup of tea.
  178. prelude
    something that serves as a preceding event or introduces what follows
    As Fagin stepped softly in, the professional gentleman, running over the keys by way of prelude, occasioned a general cry of order for a song; which having subsided, a young lady proceeded to entertain the company with a ballad in four verses, betw
  179. vagabond
    a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support
    Countrymen, butchers, drovers, hawkers, boys, thieves, idlers, and vagabonds of every low grade, were mingled together in a mass; the whistling of drovers, the barking dogs, the bellowing and plunging of the oxen, the bleating of sheep, the gruntin
  180. dupe
    fool or hoax
    It is worthy of remark, as illustrating the importance we attach to our own judgments, and the pride with which we put forth our most rash and hasty conclusions, that, although Mr. Grimwig was not by any means a bad-hearted man, and though he would have b
  181. carcass
    the dead body of an animal especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
    Then, came straggling groups of labourers going to their work; then, men and women with fish-baskets on their heads; donkey-carts laden with vegetables; chaise-carts filled with live-stock or whole carcasses of meat; milk-women with pails; an unbro
  182. preposterous
    incongruous;inviting ridicule
    The actors in the mimic life of the theatre, are blind to violent transitions and abrupt impulses of passion or feeling, which, presented before the eyes of mere spectators, are at once condemned as outrageous and preposterous.
  183. surveying
    the practice of measuring angles and distances on the ground so that they can be accurately plotted on a map
    'Grin away,' said Sikes, replacing the poker, and surveying him with savage contempt; 'grin away.
  184. chuckle
    a soft partly suppressed laugh
    When Mr. Brownlow admitted that on no one point of inquiry could he yet return a satisfactory answer; and that he had postponed any investigation into Oliver's previous history until he thought the boy was strong enough to hear it; Mr. Grimwig chuckled
  185. hinge
    a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other
    After some delay, and some assistance from Toby, the shutter to which he had referred, swung open on its hinges.
  186. tremulous
    (of the voice) quivering as from weakness or fear
    'Me. Only me,' replied a tremulous voice.
  187. cleft
    a long narrow opening
    He bore in his right hand a tallow candle stuck in the end of a cleft stick.
  188. implore
    call upon in supplication; entreat
    The Jew saw that it would be hopeless to affect any further mistake regarding the reality of Miss Nancy's rage; and, shrinking involuntarily back a few paces, cast a glance, half imploring and half cowardly, at Sikes: as if to hint that he was the
  189. consign
    give over to another for care or safekeeping
    It was also solemnly arranged that poor Oliver should, for the purposes of the contemplated expedition, be unreservedly consigned to the care and custody of Mr. William Sikes; and further, that the said Sikes should deal with him as he thought fit;
  190. wrest
    obtain by seizing forcibly or violently, also metaphorically
    The Jew inflicted a smart blow on Oliver's shoulders with the club; and was raising it for a second, when the girl, rushing forward, wrested it from his hand.
  191. amiss
    in an improper or mistaken or unfortunate manner
    What's amiss now, eh?'
  192. terminate
    bring to an end or halt
    CHAPTER XVI

    RELATES WHAT BECAME OF OLIVER TWIST, AFTER HE HAD BEEN CLAIMED BY NANCY

    The narrow streets and courts, at length, terminated in a large open space; scattered about which, were pens for beasts, and other indications of a cattle-market.
  193. brazen
    unrestrained by convention or propriety
    That's the way with these people, ma'am; give 'em a apron full of coals to-day, and they'll come back for another, the day after to-morrow, as brazen as alabaster.'
  194. traverse
    travel across
    The Jew was evidently too familiar with the ground he traversed to be at all bewildered, either by the darkness of the night, or the intricacies of the way.
  195. subdue
    put down by force or intimidation
    He clasped his hands together, and involuntarily uttered a subdued exclamation of horror.
  196. calculate
    make a mathematical calculation or computation
    After some words apart between the last comer and Fagin, they drew their chairs towards the fire; and the Jew, telling Oliver to come and sit by him, led the conversation to the topics most calculated to interest his hearers.
  197. latent
    potentially existing but not presently evident or realized
    'Now listen to me,' said the dying woman aloud, as if making a great effort to revive one latent spark of energy.
  198. morsel
    a small amount of solid food; a mouthful
    Mr. Bumble resigned his cup without another word; squeezed Mrs. Corney's little finger as she took it; and inflicting two open-handed slaps upon his laced waistcoat, gave a mighty sigh, and hitched his chair a very little morsel farther from the fi
  199. slacken
    become slow or slower
    Sikes slackened his pace when they reached this spot: the girl being quite unable to support any longer, the rapid rate at which they had hitherto walked.
  200. seam
    joint consisting of a line formed by joining two pieces
    I know a friend who has a beef-faced boy; a fine boy, they call him; with a round head, and red cheeks, and glaring eyes; a horrid boy; with a body and limbs that appear to be swelling out of the seams of his blue clothes; with the voice of a pilot
  201. inventory
    a detailed list of all the items in stock
    Having gone through this very extraordinary performance, he took off the cocked hat again, and, spreading himself before the fire with his back towards it, seemed to be mentally engaged in taking an exact inventory of the furniture.
  202. prospective
    of or concerned with or related to the future
    Whether it was the sense of freedom and independence which a rational animal may be supposed to feel when he sits on a table in an easy attitude smoking a pipe, swinging one leg carelessly to and fro, and having his boots cleaned all the time, without eve
  203. impetuous
    characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation
    All this, Mr. Brownlow, although himself somewhat of an impetuous gentleman: knowing his friend's peculiarities, bore with great good humour; as Mr. Grimwig, at tea, was graciously pleased to express his entire approval of the muffins, matters wen
  204. quail
    small gallinaceous game birds
    Here, too, he read of men who, lying in their beds at dead of night, had been tempted (so they said) and led on, by their own bad thoughts, to such dreadful bloodshed as it made the flesh creep, and the limbs quail, to think of.
  205. assemblage
    several things grouped together or considered as a whole
    By degrees, however, as some of it cleared away through the open door, an assemblage of heads, as confused as the noises that greeted the ear, might be made out; and as the eye grew more accustomed to the scene, the spectator gradually became aware
  206. doze
    a light fitful sleep
    Being much tired with the walk, and getting up so early, he dozed a little at first; then, quite overpowered by fatigue and the fumes of the tobacco, fell asleep.
  207. temperate
    not extreme
    Having disposed of these evil-minded persons for the night, Mr. Bumble sat himself down in the house at which the coach stopped; and took a temperate dinner of steaks, oyster sauce, and porter.
  208. ruthless
    without mercy or pity
    We behold, with throbbing bosoms, the heroine in the grasp of a proud and ruthless baron: her virtue and her life alike in danger, drawing forth her dagger to preserve the one at the cost of the other; and just as our expectations are wrought up to
  209. sanguine
    inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life
    This was the handsome offer with which Mr. Grimwig backed and confirmed nearly every assertion he made; and it was the more singular in his case, because, even admitting for the sake of argument, the possibility of scientific improvements being brought to
  210. inexplicable
    incapable of being explained or accounted for
    Mr. Bumble's conduct on being left to himself, was rather inexplicable.
  211. vehement
    marked by extreme intensity of emotions or convictions; inclined to react violently; fervid
    'Aye, it is!' returned the girl; not speaking, but pouring out the words in one continuous and vehement scream.
  212. proffer
    present for acceptance or rejection
    'You are on the scent, are you, Nancy?' inquired Sikes, proffering the glass.
  213. haggard
    showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering
    There was no sound of their whereabout, when the Dodger descended the stairs, bearing the light in his hand, and followed by a man in a coarse smock-frock; who, after casting a hurried glance round the room, pulled off a large wrapper which had concealed
  214. turbulent
    characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination
    'When is it to be done?' asked Nancy, stopping some turbulent exclamation on the part of Mr. Sikes, expressive of the disgust with which he received Fagin's affectation of humanity.
  215. purport
    have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming
    Neither his brief consideration, nor its purport, was lost on his companion.
  216. naughty
    badly behaved
    Oh you naughty boy, to make me suffer such distress on your account!
  217. administer
    work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of
    'And he shall have it, too!' rejoined the man, administering another blow, and seizing Oliver by the collar.
  218. pierce
    penetrate or cut through with a sharp instrument
    It was piercing cold, too; all was gloomy and black.
  219. sham
    something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be
    'He says he's worn sham whiskers, and a canary waistcoat, the whole blessed time he's been loitering down there, and it's all of no use.'
  220. abstraction
    the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances
    There was an abstraction in his eye, an elevation in his air, which might have warned an observant stranger that thoughts were passing in the beadle's mind, too great for utterance.
  221. revert
    go back to a previous state
    Which, never failing to revert to his kind friends, and the opinion they must long ago have formed of him, were sad indeed.
  222. susceptible
    (often followed by `of' or `to') yielding readily to or capable of
    The girl, who was not quite so susceptible, had run upstairs meanwhile; and now returned with a request that Mr. Bumble would follow her immediately: which he did.
  223. bustle
    move or cause to move energetically or busily
    Oliver, delighted to be of use, brought down the books under his arm in a great bustle; and waited, cap in hand, to hear what message he was to take.
  224. filthy
    disgustingly dirty; filled or smeared with offensive matter
    CHAPTER XV

    SHOWING HOW VERY FOND OF OLIVER TWIST, THE MERRY OLD JEW AND MISS NANCY WERE

    In the obscure parlour of a low public-house, in the filthiest part of Little Saffron Hill; a dark and gloomy den, where a flaring gas-light burnt all day in
  225. twinkling
    shining intermittently with a sparkling light
    He had small twinkling eyes, and a pock-marked face; wore a fur cap, a dark corduroy jacket, greasy fustian trousers, and an apron.
  226. discreet
    marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint
    Now, if the matron had moved her chair to the right, she would have been scorched by the fire; and if to the left, she must have fallen into Mr. Bumble's arms; so (being a discreet matron, and no doubt foreseeing these consequences at a glance) she
  227. audible
    heard or perceptible by the ear
    He paused on the step as the door was locked and chained behind him; and having listened while the boys made all secure, and until their retreating footsteps were no longer audible, slunk down the street as quickly as he could.
  228. rusty
    covered with or consisting of rust
    There was a back-garret window with rusty bars outside, which had no shutter; and out of this, Oliver often gazed with a melancholy face for hours together; but nothing was to be descried from it but a confused and crowded mass of housetops, blacke
  229. incline
    lower or bend (the head or upper body), as in a nod or bow
    Mr. Bumble put down his hat; unbuttoned his coat; folded his arms; inclined his head in a retrospective manner; and, after a few moments' reflection, commenced his story.
  230. sundry
    consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds
    'They're very pretty,' said Charley Bates: who, with sundry grimaces, had been affecting to read one of the volumes in question; 'beautiful writing, isn't is, Oliver?'
  231. ferocious
    marked by extreme and violent energy
    'He's as willing as a Christian, strike me blind if he isn't!' said Sikes, regarding the animal with a kind of grim and ferocious approval.
  232. terminated
    having come or been brought to a conclusion
    CHAPTER XVI

    RELATES WHAT BECAME OF OLIVER TWIST, AFTER HE HAD BEEN CLAIMED BY NANCY

    The narrow streets and courts, at length, terminated in a large open space; scattered about which, were pens for beasts, and other indications of a cattle-market.
  233. emphatically
    without question and beyond doubt
    'The short and the long of what you mean,' said Nancy: speaking very emphatically, and slightly frowning at Oliver as if to bespeak his serious attention to her words: 'is, that if you're crossed by him in this job you have on hand, you'll preven
  234. provoke
    provide the needed stimulus for
    'We will,' replied Mr. Grimwig, with a provoking smile; 'we will.'
  235. regulate
    bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations
  236. compose
    form the substance of
    'Well, well,' said the old gentleman, composing his features.
  237. infernal
    characteristic of or resembling Hell
    A young woman stumbled over a bit last night, and fell against my garden-railings; directly she got up I saw her look towards his infernal red lamp with the pantomime-light.
  238. acknowledgment
    the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged
    Bull's-eye wagged his tail in acknowledgment of this unusually endearing form of speech; and, giving vent to another admonitory growl for the benefit of Oliver, led the way onward.
  239. starve
    die of food deprivation
    He was walking along, thinking how happy and contented he ought to feel; and how much he would give for only one look at poor little Dick, who, starved and beaten, might be weeping bitterly at that very moment; when he was startled by a young woman
  240. abrupt
    exceedingly sudden and unexpected
    Oliver soon recovering from the fainting-fit into which Mr. Brownlow's abrupt exclamation had thrown him, the subject of the picture was carefully avoided, both by the old gentleman and Mrs. Bedwin, in the conversation that ensued: which indeed bo
  241. implement
    instrumentation (a piece of equipment or tool) used to effect an end
    At length, in a fit of professional enthusiasm, he insisted upon producing his box of housebreaking tools: which he had no sooner stumbled in with, and opened for the purpose of explaining the nature and properties of the various implements it cont
  242. injure
    cause injuries or bodily harm to
    'Don't put on an injured look at the question; you've done it many a time.
  243. contemplate
    think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes
    It was also solemnly arranged that poor Oliver should, for the purposes of the contemplated expedition, be unreservedly consigned to the care and custody of Mr. William Sikes; and further, that the said Sikes should deal with him as he thought fit;
  244. injunction
    (law) a judicial remedy issued in order to prohibit a party from doing or continuing to do a certain activity
    Having superadded many injunctions to be sure and not take cold, the old lady at length permitted him to depart.
  245. posture
    the arrangement of the body and its limbs
    Uttering this exclamation in a tone of great surprise, as his eyes rested on Oliver, Mr. Toby Crackit brought himself into a sitting posture, and demanded who that was.
  246. attentive
    taking heed; giving close and thoughtful attention
    'Come, come, Sikes,' said the Jew appealing to him in a remonstratory tone, and motioning towards the boys, who were eagerly attentive to all that passed; 'we must have civil words; civil words, Bill.'
  247. repress
    conceal or hide
    With this consolation, Mr. Sikes appeared to repress a rising tendency to jealousy, and, clasping Oliver's wrist more firmly, told him to step out again.
  248. rouse
    cause to become awake or conscious
    Oliver stretched himself in his clothes, by command of the same authority, on a mattress upon the floor; and the girl, mending the fire, sat before it, in readiness to rouse them at the appointed time.
  249. oblige
    force somebody to do something
    They're soft-hearted psalm-singers, or they wouldn't have taken him in at all; and they'll ask no questions after him, fear they should be obliged to prosecute, and so get him lagged.
  250. shroud
    burial garment in which a corpse is wrapped
    The lights in the shops could scarecely struggle through the heavy mist, which thickened every moment and shrouded the streets and houses in gloom; rendering the strange place still stranger in Oliver's eyes; and making his uncertainty the more dis
  251. cleave
    separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument
    He bore in his right hand a tallow candle stuck in the end of a cleft stick.
  252. recovering
    returning to health after illness or debility
    Oliver soon recovering from the fainting-fit into which Mr. Brownlow's abrupt exclamation had thrown him, the subject of the picture was carefully avoided, both by the old gentleman and Mrs. Bedwin, in the conversation that ensued: which indeed bo
  253. ghastly
    shockingly repellent; inspiring horror
    Placing a strong emphasis on the last word, he suffered his features gradually to resolve themselves into a ghastly grin, and, nodding his head, left the room.
  254. demonstrate
    give an exhibition of to an interested audience
    CHAPTER XVIII

    HOW OLIVER PASSED HIS TIME IN THE IMPROVING SOCIETY OF HIS REPUTABLE FRIENDS

    About noon next day, when the Dodger and Master Bates had gone out to pursue their customary avocations, Mr. Fagin took the opportunity of reading Oliver a long l
  255. converse
    carry on a conversation
    Mr. Bumble stopped not to converse with the small shopkeepers and others who spoke to him, deferentially, as he passed along.
  256. emerge
    come out into view, as from concealment
    Mr. Bumble emerged at early morning from the workhouse-gate, and walked with portly carriage and commanding steps, up the High Street.
  257. transition
    the act of passing from one state or place to the next
    The transitions in real life from well-spread boards to death-beds, and from mourning-weeds to holiday garments, are not a whit less startling; only, there, we are busy actors, instead of passive lookers-on, which makes a vast difference.
  258. obstinate
    tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield
    'Can't you look at the gentleman, you obstinate boy?' said Mrs. Mann.
  259. clue
    evidence that helps to solve a problem
    Master Bates, apparently much delighted with his commission, took the cleft stick: and led Oliver into an adjacent kitchen, where there were two or three of the beds on which he had slept before; and here, with many uncontrollable bursts of laughter, he p
  260. relaxed
    without strain or anxiety
    At his, Master Bates roared again: so loud, that Fagin himself relaxed, and even the Dodger smiled; but as the Artful drew forth the five-pound note at that instant, it is doubtful whether the sally of the discovery awakened his merriment.
  261. affecting
    arousing affect
    'They're very pretty,' said Charley Bates: who, with sundry grimaces, had been affecting to read one of the volumes in question; 'beautiful writing, isn't is, Oliver?'
  262. vent
    a hole for the escape of gas or air
    Bull's-eye wagged his tail in acknowledgment of this unusually endearing form of speech; and, giving vent to another admonitory growl for the benefit of Oliver, led the way onward.
  263. menace
    something that is a source of danger
    There was so much determination and depth of purpose about the menacing manner in which Mr. Bumble delivered himself of these words, that Mrs. Mann appeared quite awed by them.
  264. confine
    place limits on (extent or access)
    Oliver soon recovering from the fainting-fit into which Mr. Brownlow's abrupt exclamation had thrown him, the subject of the picture was carefully avoided, both by the old gentleman and Mrs. Bedwin, in the conversation that ensued: which indeed bore no r
  265. contradiction
    opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas
    Now, the fact was, that in the inmost recesses of his own heart, Mr. Grimwig was strongly disposed to admit that Oliver's appearance and manner were unusually prepossessing; but he had a strong appetite for contradiction, sharpened on this occasion
  266. demonstrated
    having been demonstrated or verified beyond doubt
    CHAPTER XVIII

    HOW OLIVER PASSED HIS TIME IN THE IMPROVING SOCIETY OF HIS REPUTABLE FRIENDS

    About noon next day, when the Dodger and Master Bates had gone out to pursue their customary avocations, Mr. Fagin took the opportunity of reading Oliver a long l
  267. dismal
    causing dejection
    The lights in the shops could scarecely struggle through the heavy mist, which thickened every moment and shrouded the streets and houses in gloom; rendering the strange place still stranger in Oliver's eyes; and making his uncertainty the more dismal<
  268. mute
    expressed without speech
    Oliver looked at Sikes, in mute and timid wonder; and drawing a stool to the fire, sat with his aching head upon his hands, scarecely knowing where he was, or what was passing around him.
  269. disdain
    lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
    'Then,' said Sikes, thrusting aside the Jew's hand, with some disdain, 'let it come off as soon as you like.
  270. comply
    act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes
    Oliver complied; marvelling where the people could be found to read such a great number of books as seemed to be written to make the world wiser.
  271. identical
    being the exact same one; not any other:
    As fate would have it, Mrs. Bedwin chanced to bring in, at this moment, a small parcel of books, which Mr. Brownlow had that morning purchased of the identical bookstall-keeper, who has already figured in this history; having laid them on the table
  272. falter
    move hesitatingly, as if about to give way
    'I should like--' faltered the child.
  273. deceive
    cause someone to believe an untruth
    I have been deceived, before, in the objects whom I have endeavoured to benefit; but I feel strongly disposed to trust you, nevertheless; and I am more interested in your behalf than I can well account for, even to myself.
  274. plunge
    dash violently or with great speed or impetuosity
    A long silence ensued; during which the Jew was plunged in deep thought, with his face wrinkled into an expression of villainy perfectly demoniacal.
  275. dismay
    the feeling of despair in the face of obstacles
    At sight of the dismayed look with which Oliver regarded his tormentors, Master Bates, who was blessed with a lively sense of the ludicrous, fell into another ectasy, more boisterous than the first.
  276. desolate
    providing no shelter or sustenance
    By degrees, he grew more calm, and besought, in a low and broken voice, that he might be rescued from his present dangers; and that if any aid were to be raised up for a poor outcast boy who had never known the love of friends or kindred, it might come to
  277. resume
    take up or begin anew
    'And when are you going to hear a full, true, and particular account of the life and adventures of Oliver Twist?' asked Grimwig of Mr. Brownlow, at the conclusion of the meal; looking sideways at Oliver, as he resumed his subject.
  278. beseech
    ask for or request earnestly
    By degrees, he grew more calm, and besought, in a low and broken voice, that he might be rescued from his present dangers; and that if any aid were to be raised up for a poor outcast boy who had never known the love of friends or kindred, it might
  279. replace
    put something back where it belongs
    'Grin away,' said Sikes, replacing the poker, and surveying him with savage contempt; 'grin away.
  280. dreary
    lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise
    From all of these tokens Oliver concluded that a long time ago, before the old Jew was born, it had belonged to better people, and had perhaps been quite gay and handsome: dismal and dreary as it looked now.
  281. orphan
    a child who has lost both parents
    You say you are an orphan, without a friend in the world; all the inquiries I have been able to make, confirm the statement.
  282. sneer
    a facial expression of contempt or scorn; the upper lip curls
    And he demanded, with a sneer, whether the housekeeper was in the habit of counting the plate at night; because if she didn't find a table-spoon or two missing some sunshiny morning, why, he would be content to--and so forth.
  283. impart
    bestow a quality on
    It is not improbable that if Mr. Bumble had been possessed of this information at an earlier period of the interview, he might have imparted a very different colouring to his little history.
  284. errand
    a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission
    Mr. Bumble no sooner uttered Oliver's name, in explanation of his errand, than Mrs. Bedwin, who had been listening at the parlour door, hastened into the passage in a breathless state.
  285. announce
    make known; make an announcement
    Oliver's sobs checked his utterance for some minutes; when he was on the point of beginning to relate how he had been brought up at the farm, and carried to the workhouse by Mr. Bumble, a peculiarly impatient little double-knock was heard at the street-do
  286. communicate
    transfer to another
    Mr. Brownlow looked apprehensively at Mr. Bumble's pursed-up countenance; and requested him to communicate what he knew regarding Oliver, in as few words as possible.
  287. vex
    cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations
    Mr. Brownlow paced the room to and fro for some minutes; evidently so much disturbed by the beadle's tale, that even Mr. Grimwig forbore to vex him further.
  288. wither
    lose freshness, vigor, or vitality
    'If you please, mistress,' said a withered old female pauper, hideously ugly: putting her head in at the door, 'Old Sally is a-going fast.'
  289. depress
    press down
  290. preliminary
    denoting an action or event preceding or in preparation for something more important; designed to orient or acquaint with a situation before proceeding
    These preliminaries adjusted, Mr. Sikes proceeded to drink brandy at a furious rate, and to flourish the crowbar in an alarming manner; yelling forth, at the same time, most unmusical snatches of song, mingled with wild execrations.
  291. arrange
    put into a proper or systematic order
    'It's all arranged about bringing off the swag, is it?' asked the Jew.

    Sikes nodded.
  292. awe
    an overwhelming feeling of wonder or admiration
    There was so much determination and depth of purpose about the menacing manner in which Mr. Bumble delivered himself of these words, that Mrs. Mann appeared quite awed by them.
  293. hue
    the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength
    The Jew thrust his head out of the room door when Sikes had left it; looked after him as we walked up the dark passage; shook his clenched fist; muttered a deep curse; and then, with a horrible grin, reseated himself at the table; where he was soon deeply
  294. amiable
    diffusing warmth and friendliness
    As the old lady had been so kind to him in his illness, he endeavoured to think no more of the subject just then; so he listened attentively to a great many stories she told him, about an amiable and handsome daughter of hers, who was married to an
  295. petty
    (informal) small and of little importance
    It is a commercial colony of itself: the emporium of petty larceny: visited at early morning, and setting-in of dusk, by silent merchants, who traffic in dark back-parlours, and who go as strangely as they come.
  296. gravity
    (physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface
    After tea she began to teach Oliver cribbage: which he learnt as quickly as she could teach: and at which game they played, with great interest and gravity, until it was time for the invalid to have some warm wine and water, with a slice of dry to
  297. pluck
    pull lightly but sharply with a plucking motion
    'Cause the government, as cares for the lives of such men as you, as haven't half the pluck of curs, lets a man kill a dog how he likes,' replied Sikes, shutting up the knife with a very expressive look; 'that's why.'
  298. whistle
    the sound made by something moving rapidly or by steam coming out of a small aperture
    We behold, with throbbing bosoms, the heroine in the grasp of a proud and ruthless baron: her virtue and her life alike in danger, drawing forth her dagger to preserve the one at the cost of the other; and just as our expectations are wrought up to the hi
  299. hearty
    showing warm and heartfelt friendliness
    Having given in a hearty shake, he retired, growling, under a form; just escaping the pewter measure which Mr. Sikes levelled at his head.
  300. confound
    be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly
    Mr. Bumble sat himself down; quite confounded by the oddity of Mr. Grimwig's manner.
  301. engage
    consume all of one's attention or time
    One afternoon, the Dodger and Master Bates being engaged out that evening, the first-named young gentleman took it into his head to evince some anxiety regarding the decoration of his person (to do him justice, this was by no means an habitual weak
  302. lament
    a cry of sorrow and grief
    Oliver did as the old lady bade him; and, although she lamented grievously, meanwhile, that there was not even time to crimp the little frill that bordered his shirt-collar; he looked so delicate and handsome, despite that important personal advant
  303. resolve
    find the solution
    Now, the fact was, that in the inmost recesses of his own heart, Mr. Grimwig was strongly disposed to admit that Oliver's appearance and manner were unusually prepossessing; but he had a strong appetite for contradiction, sharpened on this occasion by the
  304. marvel
    be amazed at
    Oliver complied; marvelling where the people could be found to read such a great number of books as seemed to be written to make the world wiser.
  305. panel
    sheet that forms a distinct (usually flat and rectangular) section or component of something
    The rooms upstairs had great high wooden chimney-pieces and large doors, with panelled walls and cornices to the ceiling; which, although they were black with neglect and dust, were ornamented in various ways.
  306. relieve
    free from a burden, evil, or distress
    There was a faint glimmering of the coming day in the sky; but it rather aggravated than relieved the gloom of the scene: the sombre light only serving to pale that which the street lamps afforded, without shedding any warmer or brighter tints upo
  307. induce
    cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner
    It was a meanly furnished apartment, with nothing but the contents of the closet to induce the belief that its occupier was anything but a working man; and with no more suspicious articles displayed to view than two or three heavy bludgeons which s
  308. convey
    transmit or serve as the medium for transmission
    These words, in plain English, conveyed an injunction to ring the bell.
  309. clutch
    take hold of; grab
    He was in the full bloom and pride of beadlehood; his cocked hat and coat were dazzling in the morning sun; he clutched his cane with the vigorous tenacity of health and power.
  310. den
    the habitation of wild animals
    CHAPTER XV

    SHOWING HOW VERY FOND OF OLIVER TWIST, THE MERRY OLD JEW AND MISS NANCY WERE

    In the obscure parlour of a low public-house, in the filthiest part of Little Saffron Hill; a dark and gloomy den, where a flaring gas-light burnt all day in
  311. repose
    freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility)
    Miss Betsy accordingly withdrew; and left the party to their repose.