pestilential
likely to spread and cause an epidemic disease
balmoral
a sturdy laced walking shoe
controversy
a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement
empirical
derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
deviance
a state or condition markedly different from the norm
leniently
in a permissively lenient manner
scarcely
only a very short time before
stratification
forming or depositing in layers
bombard
throw bombs at or attack with bombs
sociology
the study and classification of human societies
methodological
relating to the methodology of some discipline
interpretive
that provides interpretation
statistical
of or relating to statistics
arbitrary
based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice
validity
the quality of being valid and rigorous