- Types:
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monad
(biology) a single-celled microorganism (especially a flagellate protozoan)
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intestinal flora
harmless microorganisms (as Escherichia coli) that inhabit the intestinal tract and are essential for its normal functioning
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virus
(virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein
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moneran, moneron
organisms that typically reproduce by asexual budding or fission and whose nutritional mode is absorption or photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
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bacteria, bacterium
(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants
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bug, germ, microbe
a minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium); the term is not in technical use
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pathogen
any disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism)
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protoctist
any of the unicellular protists
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protist, protistan
free-living or colonial organisms with diverse nutritional and reproductive modes
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microflora
microscopic plants; bacteria are often considered to be microflora
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arborvirus, arbovirus
a large heterogeneous group of RNA viruses divisible into groups on the basis of the virions; they have been recovered from arthropods, bats, and rodents; most are borne by arthropods; they are linked by the epidemiologic concept of transmission between vertebrate hosts by arthropod vectors (mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, midges, etc.) that feed on blood; they can cause mild fevers, hepatitis, hemorrhagic fever, and encephalitis
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bacteriophage, phage
a virus that is parasitic (reproduces itself) in bacteria
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plant virus
a plant pathogen that is a virus consisting of a single strand of RNA
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animal virus
an animal pathogen that is a virus
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slow virus
a virus that remains dormant in the body for a long time before symptoms appear
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archaebacteria, archaebacterium, archaeobacteria, archeobacteria
considered ancient life forms that evolved separately from bacteria and blue-green algae
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acidophil, acidophile
an organism that thrives in a relatively acid environment
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probiotic, probiotic bacterium, probiotic flora, probiotic microflora
a beneficial bacterium found in the intestinal tract of healthy mammals; often considered to be a plant
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bacteroid
a rodlike bacterium (especially any of the rod-shaped or branched bacteria in the root nodules of nitrogen-fixing plants)
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eubacteria, eubacterium, true bacteria
a large group of bacteria having rigid cell walls; motile types have flagella
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Calymmatobacterium, genus Calymmatobacterium
a genus of bacterial rods containing only the one species that causes granuloma inguinale
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Francisella, genus Francisella
a genus of Gram-negative aerobic bacteria that occur as pathogens and parasite in many animals (including humans)
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae, gonococcus
the pus-producing bacterium that causes gonorrhea
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tumor virus
a cell-free filtrate held to be a virus responsible for a specific neoplasm
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vector
(genetics) a virus or other agent that is used to deliver DNA to a cell
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Legionella pneumophilia, legionella
the motile aerobic rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that thrives in central heating and air conditioning systems and can cause Legionnaires' disease
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nitrobacterium
any of the bacteria in the soil that take part in the nitrogen cycle; they oxidize ammonium compounds into nitrites or oxidize nitrites into nitrates
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penicillin-resistant bacteria
bacteria that are unaffected by penicillin
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pus-forming bacteria
bacteria that produce pus
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rod
any rod-shaped bacterium
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diplococcus
Gram-positive bacteria usually occurring in pairs
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protozoan, protozoon
any of diverse minute acellular or unicellular organisms usually nonphotosynthetic
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alga, algae
primitive chlorophyll-containing mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms lacking true stems and roots and leaves
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superbug
a strain of bacteria that is resistant to all antibiotics