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Age of Reason
a movement in Europe from about 1650 until 1800 that advocated the use of reason and individualism instead of tradition and established doctrine
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Elizabethan age
a period in British history during the reign of Elizabeth I in the 16th century; an age marked by literary achievement and domestic prosperity
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Victorian age
a period in British history during the reign of Queen Victoria in the 19th century; her character and moral standards restored the prestige of the British monarchy but gave the era a prudish reputation
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Bronze Age
(archeology) a period between the Stone and Iron Ages, characterized by the manufacture and use of bronze tools and weapons
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Iron Age
(archeology) the period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid spread of iron tools and weapons
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Stone Age
(archeology) the earliest known period of human culture, characterized by the use of stone implements
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Eolithic Age
the earliest part of the Stone Age marked by the earliest signs of human culture
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Paleolithic Age
second part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC
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Lower Paleolithic
the oldest part of the Paleolithic Age with the emergence of the hand ax; ended about 120,000 years ago
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Middle Paleolithic
the time period of Neanderthal man; ended about 35,000 years BC
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Upper Paleolithic
the time period during which only modern Homo sapiens was known to have existed; ended about 10,000 years BC
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Epipaleolithic
middle part of the Stone Age beginning about 15,000 years ago
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Neolithic Age
latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the Middle East (but later elsewhere)
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Caliphate
the era of Islam's ascendancy from the death of Mohammed until the 13th century; some Moslems still maintain that the Moslem world must always have a calif as head of the community
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Christian era
the time period beginning with the supposed year of Christ's birth
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Baroque period
the historic period from about 1600 until 1750 when the baroque style of art, architecture, and music flourished in Europe
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Middle Ages
the period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance
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Renaissance
the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries
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Italian Renaissance
the early period when Italy was the center of the Renaissance
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technological revolution
the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation
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Reign of Terror
the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed
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Harlem Renaissance
a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished
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New Deal
the historic period (1933-1940) in the United States during which President Franklin Roosevelt's economic policies were implemented
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Reconstruction Period
the period after the American Civil War when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union; 1865-1877
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Restoration
the reign of Charles II in England; 1660-1685
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Great Depression
a period during the 1930s when there was a worldwide economic depression and mass unemployment
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Regency
the period from 1811-1820 when the Prince of Wales was regent during George III's periods of insanity
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Great Schism
the period from 1378 to 1417 during which there were two papacies in the Roman Catholic Church, one in Rome and one in Avignon
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8 May 1945
the date of Allied victory in Europe, World War II
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15 August 1945
the date of Allied victory over Japan, World War II
- Types:
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temperature
the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
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mass
the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field
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length
the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place
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period, period of time, time period
an amount of time
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absolute temperature
temperature measured on the absolute scale
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absolute zero
(cryogenics) the lowest temperature theoretically attainable (at which the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules is minimal); 0 Kelvin or -273.15 centigrade or -459.67 Fahrenheit
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Curie point, Curie temperature
the temperature above which a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetism and becomes paramagnetic
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dew point
the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and condensation begins
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flash point, flashpoint
the lowest temperature at which the vapor of a combustible liquid can be ignited in air
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freezing point, melting point
the temperature below which a liquid turns into a solid
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boil, boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level
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mercury
temperature measured by a mercury thermometer
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room temperature
the normal temperature of room in which people live
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simmer
temperature just below the boiling point
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blood heat, body temperature
temperature of the body; normally 98.6 F or 37 C in humans; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health
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cold, coldness, frigidity, frigidness, low temperature
the absence of heat
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heat, high temperature, hotness
the presence of heat
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body
the main mass of a thing
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biomass
the total mass of living matter in a given unit area
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critical mass
the minimum mass of fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction
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rest mass
(physics) the mass of a body as measured when the body is at rest relative to an observer, an inherent property of the body
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relativistic mass
(physics) the mass of a body in motion relative to the observer: it is equal to the rest mass multiplied by a factor that is greater than 1 and that increases as the magnitude of the velocity increases
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bulk
the property possessed by a large mass
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gravitational mass
(physics) the mass of a body as measured by its gravitational attraction for other bodies
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inertial mass
(physics) the mass of a body as determined by the second law of motion from the acceleration of the body when it is subjected to a force that is not due to gravity
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atomic mass, atomic weight, relative atomic mass
(chemistry) the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units
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mass energy
(physics) the mass of a body regarded relativistically as energy
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molecular weight, relative molecular mass
(chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule
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circumference
the length of the closed curve of a circle
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diam, diameter
the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference
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r, radius
the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere
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longness
the property of being of long spatial extent
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shortness
the property of being of short spatial extent
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mass defect, mass deficiency
the amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of its constituent particles
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test period, trial period
a period of time during which someone or something is tested
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time frame
a time period during which something occurs or is expected to occur
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hours
an indefinite period of time
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downtime
a period of time when something (as a machine or factory) is not operating (especially as a result of malfunctions)
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uptime
a period of time when something (as a machine or factory) is functioning and available for use
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work time
a time period when you are required to work
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time off
a time period when you are not required to work
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bout
a period of illness
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hospitalization
a period of time when you are confined to a hospital
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travel time
a period of time spent traveling
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times
a more or less definite period of time now or previously present
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time
an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)
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elapsed time
the time that elapses while some event is occurring
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continuance, duration
the period of time during which something continues
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calendar week, week
a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday
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midweek
the middle of a week
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field day
a time of unusual pleasure and success
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life, life-time, lifespan, lifetime
the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death)
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life
the period between birth and the present time
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life
the period from the present until death
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millenary, millennium
a span of 1000 years
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bimillenary, bimillennium
a span of 2000 years
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occupation
the period of time during which a place or position or nation is occupied
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past
a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret)
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shelf life
the length of time a packaged food or drug will last without deteriorating
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puerperium
time period following childbirth when the mother's uterus shrinks and the other functional and anatomic changes of pregnancy are resolved
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lactation
the period following birth during which milk is secreted
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time of life
a period of time during which a person is normally in a particular life state
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calendar day, civil day
a day reckoned from midnight to midnight
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festival
a day or period of time set aside for feasting and celebration
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day, daylight, daytime
the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside
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forenoon, morn, morning, morning time
the time period between dawn and noon
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dark, night, nighttime
the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside
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night
the time between sunset and midnight
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night
the period spent sleeping
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night
a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
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eve
the period immediately before something
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evening
the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way
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hebdomad, week
any period of seven consecutive days
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fortnight, two weeks
a period of fourteen consecutive days
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weekend
a time period usually extending from Friday night through Sunday; more loosely defined as any period of successive days including one and only one Sunday
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Indian summer, Saint Martin's summer
a period of unusually warm weather in the autumn
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year
the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun
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school, school day, schooltime
the period of instruction in a school; the time period when school is in session
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twelvemonth, year, yr
a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days
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year
a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity
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semester
half a year; a period of 6 months
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bimester
a period of 2 months
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Olympiad
one of the four-year intervals between Olympic Games; used to reckon time in ancient Greece for twelve centuries beginning in 776 BC
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lustrum
a period of five years
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decade, decennary, decennium
a period of 10 years
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century
a period of 100 years
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quadrennium
a period of four years
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quinquennium
a period of five years
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half-century
a period of 50 years
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quarter-century
a period of 25 years
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quarter
a fourth part of a year; three months
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phase of the moon
a time when the Moon presents a particular recurring appearance
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day
the period of time taken by a particular planet (e.g. Mars) to make a complete rotation on its axis
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calendar month, month
one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year
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mid-January
the middle part of January
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mid-February
the middle part of February
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mid-March
the middle part of March
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mid-April
the middle part of April
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mid-May
the middle part of May
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mid-June
the middle part of June
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mid-July
the middle part of July
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mid-August
the middle part of August
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mid-September
the middle part of September
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mid-October
the middle part of October
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mid-November
the middle part of November
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mid-December
the middle part of December
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time limit
a time period within which something must be done or completed
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term
a limited period of time
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trimester
a period of three months; especially one of the three three-month periods into which human pregnancy is divided
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hour
a special and memorable period
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silly season
a time usually late summer characterized by exaggerated news stories about frivolous matters for want of real news
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Golden Age
(classical mythology) the first and best age of the world, a time of ideal happiness, prosperity, and innocence; by extension, any flourishing and outstanding period
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silver age
(classical mythology) the second age of the world, characterized by opulence and irreligion; by extension, a period secondary in achievement to a golden age
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bronze age
(classical mythology) the third age of the world, marked by war and violence
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iron age
(classical mythology) the last and worst age of the world
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Platonic year, great year
time required for one complete cycle of the precession of the equinoxes, about 25,800 years
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regulation time
(sports) the normal prescribed duration of a game
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extra time, overtime
playing time beyond regulation, to break a tie
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season, time of year
one of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions
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canicular days, canicule, dog days
the hot period between early July and early September; a period of inactivity
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midwinter
the middle of winter
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season
a recurrent time marked by major holidays
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season
a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field
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age, long time, years
a prolonged period of time
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long haul, long run
a period of time sufficient for factors to work themselves out
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drought, drouth
a prolonged shortage
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epoch, era
a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event
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generation
the normal time between successive generations
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prehistoric culture, prehistory
the time during the development of human culture before the appearance of the written word
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reign
a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful
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run
the continuous period of time during which something (a machine or a factory) operates or continues in operation
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early days, youth
an early period of development
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dawn
an opening time period
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evening
a later concluding time period
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time
a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something
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nap, sleep
a period of time spent sleeping
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lease, term of a contract
the period of time during which a contract conveying property to a person is in effect
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half life, half-life
the time required for something to fall to half its initial value (in particular, the time for half the atoms in a radioactive substance to disintegrate)
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lunar time period, tide
there are usually two high and two low tides each day
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phase, stage
any distinct time period in a sequence of events
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multistage
occurring in more than one stage
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watch
the period during which someone (especially a guard) is on duty
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peacetime
a period of time during which there is no war
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wartime
a period of time during which there is armed conflict
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duty tour, enlistment, hitch, term of enlistment, tour, tour of duty
a period of time spent in military service
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honeymoon
the early (usually calm and harmonious) period of a relationship; business or political
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indiction
a 15-year cycle used as a chronological unit in ancient Rome and adopted in some medieval kingdoms
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prohibition, prohibition era
the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment
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incubation period
the period between infection and the appearance of symptoms of the disease
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rainy day
a (future) time of financial need
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noviciate, novitiate
the period during which you are a novice (especially in a religious order)
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bloom, blossom, efflorescence, flower, flush, heyday, peak, prime
the period of greatest prosperity or productivity
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running time
the length of time that a movie or tv show runs
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clotting time
the time it takes for a sample of blood to clot; used to diagnose some clotting disorders
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air alert
the time period during which military and civilian agencies are prepared for an enemy air attack
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question time
a period during a parliamentary session when members of British Parliament may ask questions of the ministers
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real time
(computer science) the time it takes for a process under computer control to occur
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real time
the actual time that it takes a process to occur
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study hall
a period of time during the school day that is set aside for study
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usance
the period of time permitted by commercial usage for the payment of a bill of exchange (especially a foreign bill of exchange)
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window
the time period that is considered best for starting or finishing something