- Types:
- show 33 types...
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epilepsy
a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by loss of consciousness and convulsions
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apraxia
inability to make purposeful movements
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Parkinson's, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's syndrome, Parkinsonism, paralysis agitans, shaking palsy
a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremor and impaired muscular coordination
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cerebral palsy, spastic paralysis
a loss or deficiency of motor control with involuntary spasms caused by permanent brain damage present at birth
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agraphia, anorthography, logagraphia
a loss of the ability to write or to express thoughts in writing because of a brain lesion
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acataphasia
a disorder in which a lesion to the central nervous system leaves you unable to formulate a statement or to express yourself in an organized manner
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aphasia
inability to use or understand language (spoken or written) because of a brain lesion
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agnosia
inability to recognize objects by use of the senses
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CJD, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease
rare (usually fatal) brain disease (usually in middle age) caused by an unidentified slow virus; characterized by progressive dementia and gradual loss of muscle control
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Reye's syndrome
acquired encephalopathy following acute viral infections (especially influenza or chicken pox) in young children; characterized by fever, vomiting, disorientation, coma, and fatty infiltration of the liver
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Wernicke's encephalopathy
inflammatory degenerative disease of the brain caused by thiamine deficiency that is usually associated with alcoholism
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astereognosis, tactile agnosia
a loss of the ability to recognize objects by handling them
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akinetic epilepsy
epilepsy characterized by akinesia
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cortical epilepsy, focal epilepsy
epilepsy in which the attacks begins with an isolated disturbance of cerebral function (as a twitching of a limb or an illusory sensation or a mental disturbance)
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epilepsia major, generalized epilepsy, grand mal, grand mal epilepsy
epilepsy in which the attacks involve loss of consciousness and tonic spasms of the musculature followed by generalized jerking
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Lafora's disease, myoclonus epilepsy
epilepsy characterized by clonus of muscle groups and progressive mental deterioration and genetic origin
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epilepsia minor, petit mal, petit mal epilepsy
epilepsy characterized by paroxysmal attacks of brief clouding of consciousness (and possibly other abnormalities)
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posttraumatic epilepsy, traumatic epilepsy
a convulsive epileptic state caused by a head injury
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procursive epilepsy
epilepsy in which a seizure is induced by whirling or running
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psychomotor epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy
epilepsy characterized clinically by impairment of consciousness and amnesia for the episode; often involves purposeful movements of the arms and legs and sometimes hallucinations
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reflex epilepsy
a form of epilepsy in which attacks are induced by peripheral stimulation
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status epilepticus
a condition in which there are continuing attacks of epilepsy without intervals of consciousness; can lead to brain damage and death
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tonic epilepsy
epilepsy in which the body is rigid during the seizure
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acoustic aphasia, auditory aphasia, word deafness
an impairment in understanding spoken language that is not attributable to hearing loss
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associative aphasia, conduction aphasia
aphasia in which the lesion is assumed to be in the association tracts connecting the various language centers in the brain; patient's have difficulty repeating a sentence just heard
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global aphasia, total aphasia
loss of all ability to communicate
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Broca's aphasia, ataxic aphasia, expressive aphasia, motor aphasia, nonfluent aphasia
aphasia in which expression by speech or writing is severely impaired
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amnesic aphasia, amnestic aphasia, anomia, anomic aphasia, nominal aphasia
inability to name objects or to recognize written or spoken names of objects
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transcortical aphasia
a general term for aphasia that results from lesions outside of Broca's area or Wernicke's area of the cerebral cortex
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alexia, visual aphasia, word blindness
inability to perceive written words
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Wernicke's aphasia, fluent aphasia, impressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, sensory aphasia
aphasia characterized by fluent but meaningless speech and severe impairment of the ability understand spoken or written words
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auditory agnosia
inability to recognize or understand the meaning of spoken words
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visual agnosia
inability to recognize or interpret objects in the visual field