- Types:
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being, organism
a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently
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life
living things collectively
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biont
a discrete unit of living matter
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cell
(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
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benthos
organisms (plants and animals) that live at or near the bottom of a sea
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dwarf
a plant or animal that is atypically small
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heterotroph
an organism that depends on complex organic substances for nutrition
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parent
an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained
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individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul
a human being
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animal, animate being, beast, brute, creature, fauna
a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
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flora, plant, plant life
(botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion
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native
indigenous plants and animals
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recombinant
a cell or organism in which genetic recombination has occurred
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conspecific
an organism belonging to the same species as another organism
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carrier
(genetics) an organism that possesses a recessive gene whose effect is masked by a dominant allele; the associated trait is not apparent but can be passed on to offspring
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denizen
a plant or animal naturalized in a region
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amphidiploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having a diploid set of chromosomes from each parent
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diploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having the normal amount of DNA per cell; i.e., two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
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haploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes
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heteroploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having a chromosome number that is not an even multiple of the haploid chromosome number for that species
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polyploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes
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animalcule, animalculum
microscopic organism such as an amoeba or paramecium
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micro-organism, microorganism
any organism of microscopic size
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aerobe
an organism (especially a bacterium) that requires air or free oxygen for life
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anaerobe
an organism (especially a bacterium) that does not require air or free oxygen to live
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cross, crossbreed, hybrid
(genetics) an organism that is the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock; especially offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties or breeds or species
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polymorph
an organism that can assume more than one adult form as in the castes of ants or termites
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congenator, congener, congeneric, relative
an animal or plant that bears a relationship to another (as related by common descent or by membership in the same genus)
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plankton
the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water
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nekton
the aggregate of actively swimming animals in a body of water ranging from microscopic organisms to whales
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parasite
an animal or plant that lives in or on a host (another animal or plant); it obtains nourishment from the host without benefiting or killing the host
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host
an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite; it does not benefit and is often harmed by the association
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commensal
either of two different animal or plant species living in close association but not interdependent
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myrmecophile
an organism such as an insect that habitually shares the nest of a species of ant
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eucaryote, eukaryote
an organism with cells characteristic of all life forms except primitive microorganisms such as bacteria; i.e. an organism with `good' or membrane-bound nuclei in its cells
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procaryote, prokaryote
a unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nuclei; bacteria are the prime example but also included are blue-green algae and actinomycetes and mycoplasma
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zooid
one of the distinct individuals forming a colonial animal such as a bryozoan or hydrozoan
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blastomere
any cell resulting from cleavage of a fertilized egg
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flagellated cell
any cell or one-celled organism equipped with a flagellum
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fiber, fibre
any of several elongated, threadlike cells (especially a muscle fiber or a nerve fiber)
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Kupffer's cell
specialized cells in the liver that destroy bacteria, foreign proteins, and worn-out blood cells
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beta cell
a cell that produces insulin in the isles of Langerhans in the pancreas
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somatic cell, vegetative cell
any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells; a cell that does not participate in the production of gametes
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blastema
a mass of undifferentiated cells from which an organ or body part develops
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fertilized ovum, zygote
(genetics) the diploid cell resulting from the union of a haploid spermatozoon and ovum (including the organism that develops from that cell)
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parthenote
a cell resulting from parthenogenesis
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embryonic cell, formative cell
a cell of an embryo
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acaryote, akaryocyte, akaryote
a cell without a nucleus (as an erythrocyte)
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germ cell, reproductive cell, sex cell
a spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation
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gametocyte
an immature animal or plant cell that develops into a gamete by meiosis
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polar body
a small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded
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Leydig cell, Leydig's cell
a cell in the testes that secretes the hormone testosterone
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Sertoli cell, Sertoli's cell
elongated cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testis; apparently they nourish the spermatids
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clon, clone
a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproduction
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wildlife
all living things (except people) that are undomesticated
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atavist, throwback
an organism that has the characteristics of a more primitive type of that organism
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individual
a single organism
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mascot
a person or animal that is adopted by a team or other group as a symbolic figure
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mutant, mutation, sport, variation
(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration
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postdiluvian
anything living after Noah's flood
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sitter
an organism (person or animal) that sits
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stander
an organism (person or animal) that stands
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utterer, vocaliser, vocalizer
an organism that can utter vocal sounds
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plant cell
a cell that is a structural and functional unit of a plant
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archespore, archesporium
primitive cell or group of cells from which a mother cell develops
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daughter cell
a cell formed by the division or budding of another cell
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mother cell
cell from which another cell of an organism (usually of a different sort) develops
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fungus
an organism of the kingdom Fungi lacking chlorophyll and feeding on organic matter; ranging from unicellular or multicellular organisms to spore-bearing syncytia
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nonvascular organism
organisms without vascular tissue: e.g. algae, lichens, fungi, mosses
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relict
an organism or species surviving as a remnant of an otherwise extinct flora or fauna in an environment much changed from that in which it originated
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arthrospore
one of a string of thick walled vegetative resting cells formed by some algae and fungi
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arthrospore
a body that resembles a spore but is not an endospore; produced by some bacteria
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saprophyte, saprophytic organism
an organism that feeds on dead organic matter especially a fungus or bacterium
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saprobe
an organism that lives in and derives its nourishment from organic matter in stagnant or foul water
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katharobe
an organism that lives in an oxygenated medium lacking organic matter