- Types:
- show 30 types...
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case, grammatical case
nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence
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form class, part of speech, word class
one of the traditional categories of words intended to reflect their functions in a grammatical context
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number
the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural)
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person
a grammatical category used in the classification of pronouns, possessive determiners, and verb forms according to whether they indicate the speaker, the addressee, or a third party
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gender, grammatical gender
a grammatical category in inflected languages governing the agreement between nouns and pronouns and adjectives; in some languages it is quite arbitrary but in Indo-European languages it is usually based on sex or animateness
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tense
a grammatical category of verbs used to express distinctions of time
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participant role, semantic role
(linguistics) the underlying relation that a constituent has with the main verb in a clause
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nominative, nominative case, subject case
the category of nouns serving as the grammatical subject of a verb
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oblique, oblique case
any grammatical case other than the nominative
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major form class
any of the major parts of speech of traditional grammar
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first person
pronouns and verbs used to refer to the speaker or writer of the language in which they occur
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second person
pronouns and verbs used to refer to the person addressed by the language in which they occur
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third person
pronouns and verbs that are used to refer to something other than the speaker or addressee of the language in which they occur
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feminine
a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to females or to objects classified as female
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masculine
a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to males or to objects classified as male
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neuter
a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to inanimate objects (neither masculine nor feminine)
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present, present tense
a verb tense that expresses actions or states at the time of speaking
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aorist
a verb tense in some languages (classical Greek and Sanskrit) expressing action (especially past action) without indicating its completion or continuation
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past, past tense
a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past
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future, future tense
a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the future
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affected role, patient, patient role
the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause
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agent, agentive role
the semantic role of the animate entity that instigates or causes the happening denoted by the verb in the clause
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benefactive role, beneficiary
the semantic role of the intended recipient who benefits from the happening denoted by the verb in the clause
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instrument, instrumental role
the semantic role of the entity (usually inanimate) that the agent uses to perform an action or start a process
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locative, locative role
the semantic role of the noun phrase that designates the place of the state or action denoted by the verb
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recipient, recipient role
the semantic role of the animate entity that is passively involved in the happening denoted by the verb in the clause
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result, resultant role
the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause
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temporal, temporal role
the semantic role of the noun phrase that designates the time of the state or action denoted by the verb
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continuous tense, imperfect, imperfect tense, progressive, progressive tense
a tense of verbs used in describing action that is on-going
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perfect, perfect tense, perfective, perfective tense
a tense of verbs used in describing action that has been completed (sometimes regarded as perfective aspect)
