You pet Fido is a member of the dog species. The goldfish swimming in a bowl on your counter is in the same species as a barracuda. A species is a distinct kind or sort, specifically a group of animals or plants that have common characteristics.
All members of the same species can interbreed and produce offspring. A subspecies is a division of a species, and a genus includes several species. In Middle English, species meant "a classification in logic," borrowed from the Latin word meaning "kind, form, appearance," from the root of specere "to see."