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Great Lakes
a group of five large, interconnected lakes in central North America
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Nag Hammadi Library
a collection of 13 ancient papyrus codices translated from Greek into Coptic that were discovered by farmers near the town of Nag Hammadi in 1945; the codices contain 45 distinct works including the chief sources of firsthand knowledge of Gnosticism
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Trimurti
the triad of divinities of later Hinduism
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Bronte sisters
a 19th century family of three sisters who all wrote novels
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Marx Brothers
a family of United States comedians consisting of four brothers with an anarchic sense of humor
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al-Asifa
a Palestinian political and military organization founded by Yasser Arafat in 1958 to work toward the creation of a Palestinian state; during the 1960s and 1970s trained terrorist and insurgent groups
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Greenpeace
an international organization that works for environmental conservation and the preservation of endangered species
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Association of Orangemen
a Protestant political organization in Northern Ireland
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Markaz-ud-Dawa-wal-Irshad
a Sunni organization formed in 1989 and based in Pakistan; opposes missionary groups from the United States; has Lashkar-e-Tayyiba as its armed wing
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Invincible Armada
the great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588
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Wise Men
(New Testament) the sages who visited Jesus and Mary and Joseph shortly after Jesus was born; the Gospel According to Matthew says they were guided by a star and brought gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh; because there were three gifts it is usually assumed that there were three of them
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Achomawi
a community of Native Americans who speak a Hokan language and live in northeastern California
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Akwa'ala
a community of Native Americans who speak a Hokan language and live in Baja California
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Inca
the small group of Quechua living in the Cuzco Valley in Peru who established hegemony over their neighbors in order to create an empire that lasted from about 1100 until the Spanish conquest in the early 1530s
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Quechua
a community of South American Indians in Peru who were formerly the ruling class of the Incan Empire
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Xhosa
a community of Negroid people in southern South Africa
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Zulu
a community of Negroid people in eastern South Africa
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Orient
the countries of Asia
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Roman Republic
the ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC; was governed by an elected Senate but dissatisfaction with the Senate led to civil wars that culminated in a brief dictatorship by Julius Caesar
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Demerara
a former Dutch colony in South America; now a part of Guyana
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Rock of Gibraltar
location of a colony of the United Kingdom on a limestone promontory at the southern tip of Spain; strategically important because it can control the entrance of ships into the Mediterranean; one of the Pillars of Hercules
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Plymouth Colony
colony formed by the Pilgrims when they arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620; it was absorbed into the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1691
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New Amsterdam
a settlement established by the Dutch near the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island; annexed by the English in 1664 and renamed New York
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Great Arabian Desert
a desert on the Arabian Peninsula in southwestern Asia
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Arabian Desert
a desert in Egypt between the Nile River and the Red Sea
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Atacama Desert
a desert in northern Chile rich in nitrate and copper deposits
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Great Australian Desert
general name given to all desert areas in Australia
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Black Rock Desert
a desert in northwestern Nevada
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Chihuahuan Desert
a desert in western Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and northern Mexico
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Colorado Desert
an arid region of southeastern California
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Great Salt Desert
a salt desert in north central Iran
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Dasht-e-Lut
a desert in eastern Iran
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Death Valley
a desert area that is part of the Mojave Desert in eastern California and southwestern Nevada; contains the lowest point in North America
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Gibson Desert
a desert area in western Australia
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Gila Desert
a desert area in southern Arizona
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Gobi Desert
a desert in central China
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Great Sandy Desert
a desert region in northwestern Australia to the north of the Gibson Desert
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Great Victoria Desert
a desert region in south central Australia to the north of the Nullarbor Plain
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Kalahari Desert
a desert in southwestern Africa - largely Botswana
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Turkestan Desert
a desert in Turkmenistan to the south of the Aral Sea
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Kizil Kum
a desert in Uzbekistan to the southeast of the Aral Sea
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Libyan Desert
the northeastern part of the Sahara Desert in Libya and Egypt and Sudan
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Mohave Desert
a desert area in southern California and western Arizona
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Namib Desert
a desert in Namibia extending along the coast between the high plateau and the Atlantic Ocean
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An Nafud
a desert in northern Saudi Arabia that is noted for its red sand and violent winds
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Negev Desert
a desert in southern Israel
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Nubian Desert
an arid sandstone plateau in northeastern Sudan between the Nile and the Red Sea
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Painted Desert
a desert on a high plateau in northeastern Arizona
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Patagonian Desert
a semiarid region in southern South America
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Great Sandy Desert
a desert in southern Saudi Arabia
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Sahara Desert
the world's largest desert (3,500,000 square miles) in northern Africa
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Simpson Desert
a desert region of central Australia
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Sinai Desert
a desert on the Sinai Peninsula in northeastern Egypt
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Sonoran Desert
a desert in southwestern Arizona
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Syrian Desert
a desert of northern Arabia occupying western Iraq, southern Syria, eastern Jordan, and northern Saudi Arabia
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Taklamakan Desert
a desert in western China
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Great Indian Desert
a desert to the east of the Indus River in northwestern India and southeastern Pakistan
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Black Forest
a hilly forest region in southwestern Germany
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Magellanic Cloud
either of two small galaxies orbiting the Milky Way; visible near the south celestial pole
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Northern Cross
a cluster of 5 bright stars forming a cross in the constellation Cygnus
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Omega Centauri
a global cluster in the constellation Centaurus
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Pleiades
a star cluster in the constellation Taurus
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Sherwood Forest
an ancient forest in central England; formerly a royal hunting ground; said to be the home of Robin Hood and his merry band
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Wilderness
a wooded region in northeastern Virginia near Spotsylvania where bloody but inconclusive battles were fought in the American Civil War
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Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades
a terrorist group that has worked with Al Qaeda; claimed responsibility for attacks in Iraq and Turkey
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Bearer of the Sword
a small gang of terrorist thugs claiming to seek a separate Islamic state for the Muslim minority in the Philippines; uses bombing and assassination and extortion and kidnapping
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al-Aksa Martyrs Brigades
a militant offshoot of al-Fatah that is the newest and strongest and best equipped faction active in the West Bank; responsible for many deadly attacks in Israel in 2002
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Revolutionary Proletarian Army
an urban hit squad and guerrilla group of the Communist Party in the Philippines; formed in the 1980s
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al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya
a terrorist organization of militant Islamists organized into tiny cells of extreme fundamentalists; emerged during the 1970s mainly in Egyptian jails
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al Itihaad al Islamiya
a fundamentalist Islamic group in Somalia who initially did fundraising for al-Qaeda; responsible for ambushing United States Army Rangers and for terrorist bombings in Ethiopia; believed to have branches in several countries
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Egyptian Islamic Jihad
an Islamic extremist group active since the late 1970s; seeks to overthrow the Egyptian government and replace it with an Islamic state; works in small underground cells
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al-Ma'unah
a radical insurgent Islamist group consisting of disaffected middle-class professionals in Malaysia who want to overthrow the government by violent means and set up an Islamic state
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al-Muhajiroun
a hard-line extremist Islamic group in Great Britain who support bin Laden and other terrorist groups
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Al Nathir
a Palestinian terrorist organization formed in 2002 and linked to Fatah movement of Yasser Arafat
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al-Qa'ida
a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries
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al-Rashid Trust
a terrorist group organized in 1996 after the Taliban took over Afghanistan and part of Osama bin Laden's international system; provides financial support for the Taliban and al-Qaeda and Jaish-i-Mohammed and assists Muslim militants around the world; established a network of madrasas and mosques in Afghanistan
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Followers of the Phrophet
a resurgent Islamic fundamentalist organization based in Nigeria that is thought to be planning terrorist attacks
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Divine Unity
an Islamic terrorist cell that originated in Jordan but operates in Germany; goal is to attack Europe and Russia with chemical weapons
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al-Ummah
a terrorist group formed in India in 1992; is believed to be responsible for bombings in southern India in 1998
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Supporters of Islam
a radical Islamic group of terrorists in the Iraqi part of Kurdistan who oppose an independent secular nation as advocated by the United States; some members fought with the Taliban and al-Qaeda forces in Afghanistan; said to receive financial support from Saddam Hussein
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Corsican Army
a terrorist organization founded in 1999 to oppose the link between nationalists and the Corsican mafia
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Armed Islamic Group
a terrorist organization of Islamic extremists whose violent activities began in 1992; aims to overthrow the secular Algerian regime and replace it with an Islamic state
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Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia
a militant Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization formed in 1975 to force Turkey to acknowledge killing more than a million Armenians and forcibly removing them from border areas in 1915; wants Turkey to pay reparations and cede territory to Armenia
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Army for the Liberation of Rwanda
a terrorist organization that seeks to overthrow the government dominated by Tutsi and to institute Hutu control again
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Band of Partisans
an extremist Palestinian Sunni group active in Lebanon in the early 1990s that advocates Salafism; responsible for murders and bombings; seeks to overthrow the Lebanese government and control Palestinian refugee camps; funded by al-Qaeda
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Aum Shinrikyo
a terrorist organization whose goal is to take over Japan and then the world; based on a religion founded in 1987 that combines elements of Buddhism with Christianity
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Baader Meinhof Gang
a radical left-wing revolutionary terrorist group active in Germany from 1968 until 1977
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Basque Fatherland and Liberty
a terrorist organization organized in 1959 by student activists who were dissatisfied with the moderate nationalism of the traditional Basque party; want to create an independent homeland in Spain's western Pyrenees
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Black September Movement
a former Palestinian terrorist organization (now merged with Fatah Revolutionary Council) that assassinated the Prime Minister of Jordan and during the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich killed 11 Israeli athletes
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Chukaku-Ha
an ultra-leftist militant group founded in 1957 from the breakup of the Japanese Communist Party; includes a covert action wing
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Continuity Irish Republican Army
a terrorist organization formed in Ireland in 1994 as a clandestine armed wing of Sinn Fein
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Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
a Marxist-Leninist group that believes Palestinian goals can only be achieved by revolutionary change
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East Turkestan Islamic Movement
a group of Uighur Muslims fighting Chinese control of Xinjiang; declared by China in 2001 to be terrorists although there is a long history of cycles of insurgency and repression
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Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims
a Palestinian international terrorist organization that split from the PLO in 1974; has conducted terrorist attacks in 20 countries
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Fatah Tanzim
a terrorist group organized by Yasser Arafat in 1995 as the armed wing of al-Fatah; serves a dual function of violent confrontation with Israel and serves as Arafat's unofficial militia to prevent rival Islamists from usurping leadership
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First of October Antifascist Resistance Group
an armed wing of the (illegal) Communist Party of Spain; seeks to overthrow the Spanish government and replace it with a Marxist-Leninist regime
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Force 17
formed in 1972 as a personal security force for Arafat and other PLO leaders; became one of PLO's elite units; has built an extensive infrastructure of terrorist cells and weapon depots in Europe while attacking Israeli targets
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Forces of Umar Al-Mukhtar
a little known Palestinian group responsible for bombings and for killing Israelis; seeks to defeat Israel and liberate southern Lebanon, Palestine, and Golan Heights
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Islamic Resistance Movement
a militant Islamic fundamentalist political movement that opposes peace with Israel and uses terrorism as a weapon; seeks to create an Islamic state in place of Israel; is opposed to the PLO and has become a leading perpetrator of terrorist activity in Israel; pioneered suicide bombing
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Harakat ul-Jihad-I-Islami
an extremist militant group in Pakistan occupied Kashmir that seeks an Islamic government and that has had close links and fought with the Taliban in Afghanistan
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Movement of Holy Warriors
an Islamic fundamentalist group in Pakistan that fought the Soviet Union in Afghanistan in the 1980s; now operates as a terrorist organization primarily in Kashmir and seeks Kashmir's accession by Pakistan
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Islamic Jihad for the Liberation of Palestine
a Shiite terrorist organization with strong ties to Iran; seeks to create an Iranian fundamentalist Islamic state in Lebanon; car bombs are the signature weapon
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Hizb ut-Tahrir
the most popular and feared Islamic extremist group in central Asia; advocates `pure' Islam and the creation of a worldwide Islamic state
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International Islamic Front for Jihad against Jews and Crusaders
a terrorist group organized by Osama bin Laden in 1998 that provided an umbrella organization for al-Qaeda and other militant groups in Egypt and Algeria and Pakistan and Bangladesh
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Irish National Liberation Army
a radical terrorist group dedicated to the removal of British forces from Northern Ireland and the unification of Ireland
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Provisional Irish Republican Army
a militant organization of Irish nationalists who used terrorism and guerilla warfare in an effort to drive British forces from Northern Ireland and achieve a united independent Ireland
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Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan
Yemen-based terrorist group that supports al-Qaeda's goals; seeks to overthrow the Yemeni government and eliminate United States interests; responsible for bombings and kidnappings and killing western tourists in Yemen
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Islamic Great Eastern Raiders-Front
a Turkish terrorist organization that claimed responsibility for bombing a British consulate and bank in Istanbul; a violent opponent of Turkey's secular government and its ties to the European Union and NATO
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Islamic Group of Uzbekistan
a terrorist group of Islamic militants formed in 1996; opposes Uzbekistan's secular regime and wants to establish an Islamic state in central Asia; is a conduit for drugs from Afghanistan to central Asian countries
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Army of Muhammad
a terrorist organization founded in 2000; a militant Islamic group active in Kashmir and closely aligned with al-Rashid Trust; seeks to secure release of imprisoned fellow militants by kidnappings
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Jamaat ul-Fuqra
an Islamic terrorist group organized in the 1980s; seeks to purify Islam through violence; the cells in North America and the Caribbean insulate themselves from Western culture and will even attack other Muslims who they regard as heretics
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Anti-Imperialist International Brigade
a terrorist group organized in 1970 to overthrow the Japanese government and monarchy and to foment world revolution; is said to have close ties with Palestinian terrorists
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Jayshullah
an indigenous Islamic terrorist group in Azerbaijan that attempted to bomb the United States embassy in 1999
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Malaysian Mujahidin Group
a clandestine group of southeast Asian terrorists organized in 1993 and trained by al-Qaeda; supports militant Muslims in Indonesia and the Philippines and has cells in Singapore and Malaysia and Indonesia
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Jerusalem Warriors
ethnic Turkish Sunni terrorists who are linked with the Turkish Hizballah; killed a United States Air Force sergeant in 1991
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Soldiers of God
an Islamic extremist group of Kurds who oppose secular control with bombings and assassinations; believed to have ties with al-Qaeda
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Kahane Chai
a terrorist organization founded for Jewish defense; fights antisemitism and hopes to restore the biblical state of Israel
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Association of Islamic Groups and Communities
a Turkish terrorist group of fundamentalist Muslims with ties to al-Qaeda that operates in Germany; seeks the violent overthrow of the Turkish government and the establishment of an Islamic nation modeled on Iran
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Party of Democratic Kampuchea
a communist organization formed in Cambodia in 1970; became a terrorist organization in 1975 when it captured Phnom Penh and created a government that killed an estimated three million people; was defeated by Vietnamese troops but remained active until 1999
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Ku Klux Klan
a secret society of white Southerners in the United States; was formed in the 19th century to resist the emancipation of slaves; used terrorist tactics to suppress Black people
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Partiya Karkeran Kurdistan
a Marxist-Leninist terrorist group of Kurds trying to establish an independent Kurdish state in eastern Turkey
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Contras
a Nicaraguan counterrevolutionary guerrilla force from 1979 to 1990; it opposed a left-wing government, with support from the United States
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Pesh Merga
a Kurdish guerrilla force in Iraqi Kurdistan
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Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
a Sunni Muslim extremist group in Pakistan that collaborates with al-Qaeda; the armed wing of Sipah-e-Sahaba
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Lashkar-e-Omar
a terrorist organization formed in Pakistan in 2002 as a coalition of extremist Islamic militant groups including Lashkar-e-Taiba and Lashkar-e-Jhangvi and Jaish-e-Muhammad and elements of al-Qaeda
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Army of the Righteous
a brutal terrorist group active in Kashmir; fights against India with the goal of restoring Islamic rule of India
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Holy War Warriors
a paramilitary terrorist organization of militant Muslims in Indonesia; wages a jihad against Christians in Indonesia; subscribes to the Wahhabi creed of Islam
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Lautaro Faction of the United Popular Action Movement
a violent terrorist group organized in the 1980s and advocating the overthrow of the Chilean military government; leaders are mainly criminals or impoverished youths
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Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
a terrorist organization in Sri Lanka that began in 1970 as a student protest over the limited university access for Tamil students; currently seeks to establish an independent Tamil state called Eelam; relies on guerilla strategy including terrorist tactics that target key government and military personnel
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Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyyah al-Muqatilah bi-Libya
a Libyan terrorist group organized in 1995 and aligned with al-Qaeda; seeks to radicalize the Libyan government; attempted to assassinate Qaddafi
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Lord's Resistance Army
a quasi-religious rebel group in Uganda that terrorized and raped women and kidnapped children who were forced to serve in the army
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Loyalist Volunteer Force
a terrorist group formed in 1996 in Northern Ireland; seeks to prevent the peace process; murders Catholics and any Protestant leaders who favor peace
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Maktab al-Khidmat
a terrorist organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the 1980s to provide money and recruit fighters around the world; enlisted and transported thousands of men to Afghanistan to fight the Russians; a split in the group led bin Laden and the extremist faction of MAK to form al-Qaeda
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Manuel Rodriquez Patriotic Front
a terrorist group formed in 1983 as the armed wing of the Chilean Communist Party
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Moranzanist Patriotic Front
a terrorist group of radical leftists formed in the late 1980s; seeks to prevent the United States from intervening in Honduran economic and political affairs
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Moro Islamic Liberation Front
a terrorist group in the southern Philippines formed in 1977 to establish an independent Islamic state for the Moros; have clashed with troops at United States bases
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Mujahedeen Kompak
a militant Islamic militia that was formed in 2005 by hardliners who split from Jemaah Islamiyah
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Mujahidin-e Khalq Organization
a terrorist organization formed in the 1960s by children of Iranian merchants; sought to counter the Shah of Iran's pro-western policies of modernization and opposition to communism; following a philosophy that mixes Marxism and Islam it now attacks the Islamic fundamentalists who deposed the Shah
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Nestor Paz Zamora Commission
a terrorist organization in Bolivia that acts as an umbrella for numerous small indigenous subversive groups; a revival of a group with Marxist-Leninist ideologies originally established by Che Guevara in the 1960s
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National Liberation Army
a Marxist terrorist group formed in 1963 by Colombian intellectuals who were inspired by the Cuban Revolution; responsible for a campaign of mass kidnappings and resistance to the government's efforts to stop the drug trade
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National Liberation Front of Corsica
a terrorist group formed in 1976 to work for Corsican independence; attacks on Corsica are aimed at sabotaging public infrastructure and symbols of colonialism
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New People's Army
a terrorist organization that is the militant wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines; a Maoist organization formed to overthrow the government; uses hit squads called Sparrow Units; opposes United States military presence in the Philippines
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Orange Group
a terrorist group of Protestants who oppose any political settlement with Irish nationalists; a paramilitary group that attacks Catholic interests in Northern Ireland
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Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini
a militant Palestinian terrorist group created in 1979 and committed to the creation of an Islamic state in Palestine and to the destruction of Israel; smaller and more exclusively militant that Hamas
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Jabat al-Tahrir al-Filistiniyyah
a terrorist group formed in 1977 as the result of a split with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine; became a satellite of al-Fatah; made terrorist attacks on Israel across the Lebanese border
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Palestinian Hizballah
a little known Palestinian group comprised of members of Hamas and Tanzim with suspected ties to the Lebanese Hizballah; responsible for suicide bombings in Israel
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Pentagon Gang
a Filipino terrorist group that broke away from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in 2001 in order to continue terrorism and kidnapping and extortion
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Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
a terrorist group of limited popularity formed in 1967 after the Six-Day War; combined Marxist-Leninist ideology with Palestinian nationalism; used terrorism to gain attention for their cause; hoped to eliminate the state of Israel
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Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command
a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization that conducted several attacks in western Europe
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Popular Struggle Front
a terrorist group of radical Palestinians who split with al-Fatah in 1967 but now have close relations with al-Fatah; staged terrorist attacks against Israel across the Lebanese border
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15 May Organization
a terrorist organization formed in 1979 by a faction of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine but disbanded in the 1980s when key members left to join a faction of al-Fatah
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People against Gangsterism and Drugs
a terrorist organization in South Africa formed in 1996 to fight drug lords; evolved into a vigilante group with anti-western views closely allied with Qibla; is believed to have ties to Islamic extremists in the Middle East; is suspected of conducting bouts of urban terrorism
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Puka Inti
a small but violent terrorist organization formed in Ecuador in the early 1990s; responsible for bombing several government buildings
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Iz Al-Din Al-Qassam Battalions
the military arm of Hamas responsible for suicide bombings and other attacks on Israel
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Qibla
a small terrorist group of Muslims in South Africa formed in the 1980s; was inspired by Ayatollah Khomeini to create an Islamic state in South Africa
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Dissident Irish Republican Army
a radical terrorist group that broke away in 1997 when the mainstream Provisional IRA proposed a cease-fire; has continued terrorist activities in opposition to any peace agreement
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Red Army Faction
a Marxist and Maoist terrorist organization in Germany; a network of underground guerillas who committed acts of violence in the service of the class struggle; a successor to the Baader-Meinhof Gang; became one of Europe's most feared terrorist groups; disbanded in 1998
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Brigate Rosse
a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization that arose out of a student protest movement in the late 1960s; wants to separate Italy from NATO and advocates violence in the service of class warfare and revolution; mostly inactive since 1989
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Red Hand Defenders
a paramilitary group of Protestants in Northern Ireland that tries to prevent any political settlement with the Irish Republic; attacks interests of Catholic civilians in Northern Ireland; responsible for arson and bombing and murder
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Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarios de Colombia
a powerful and wealthy terrorist organization formed in 1957 as the guerilla arm of the Colombian communist party; opposed to the United States; has strong ties to drug dealers
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Revolutionary Organization 17 November
a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization in Greece that is violently opposed to imperialism and capitalism and NATO and the United States; an active terrorist group during the 1980s
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Revolutionary People's Liberation Front
an extreme Marxist terrorist organization in Turkey that is opposed to NATO and the United States; attacks Turkish security and military officials
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Revolutionary People's Struggle
an extreme leftist terrorist group formed in Greece in 1971 to oppose the military junta that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974; a revolutionary group opposed to capitalism and imperialism and the United States
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Revolutionary Proletarian Initiative Nuclei
a clandestine group of leftist extremists who oppose Italy's labor policies and foreign policy; responsible for bombing building in the historic center of Rome from 2000 to 2002
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Revolutionary United Front
a terrorist group formed in the 1980s in Sierra Leone; seeks to overthrow the government and gain control of the diamond producing regions; responsible for attacks on civilians and children, widespread torture and murder and using children to commit atrocities; sponsored by the president of Liberia
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Salafast Group for Call and Combat
an Algerian extremist Islamic offshoot of the Armed Islamic Group; now the largest and most active armed terrorist group in Algeria that seeks to overthrow the government; a major source of support and recruitment for al-Qaeda operations in Europe and northern Africa
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Sendero Luminoso
a terrorist group formed in Peru in the late 1960s as a splinter group from the communist party of Peru; is among the most ruthless guerilla organizations in the world; seeks to destroy Peruvian institutions and replace them with a Maoist peasant regime; is involved in the cocaine trade
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Sipah-e-Sahaba
a vicious sectarian organization in Pakistan that persecutes Shiite Muslims and collaborates with al-Qaeda to attack foreigners and to disrupt the government of Pakistan
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Movement for Revenge
an organization of Muslims in India who killed Hindus in September 2002; believed to have ties with Muslim terrorists in Pakistan
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Movimiento Revolucionario Tupac Anaru
a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization in Peru; was formed in 1983 to overthrow the Peruvian government and replace it with a Marxist regime; has connections with the ELN in Bolivia
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Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army
a terrorist group that is the remnants of the original Bolivian insurgents trained by Che Guevara; attacks small unprotected targets such as power pylons or oil pipelines or government buildings
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Turkish Hizballah
an ethnic Kurdish group of Sunni extremists formed in the late 1980s in southeastern Turkey; seeks to replace Turkey's secular regime with an Islamic state and strict shariah law; responsible for bombings and the torture and murder of Turkish and Kurdish journalists and businessmen; receives support from Iran
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Ulster Defence Association
the major Protestant paramilitary group in Northern Ireland; responsible for bombing the homes of Catholics and for criminal racketeering and selling drugs
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United Self-Defense Force of Colombia
a terrorist organization in Colombia formed in 1997 as an umbrella for local and regional paramilitary groups; is financed by earnings from narcotics and serves to protect the economic interests of its members
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Laurel and Hardy
United States slapstick comedy duo who made many films together
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Potsdam Conference
a conference held in Potsdam in the summer of 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill drew up plans for the administration of Germany and Poland after World War II ended
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Yalta Conference
a conference held in Yalta in February 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill planned the final stages of World War II and agreed to the territorial division of Europe
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Abkhas
Circassian people living east of the Black Sea
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Great Plains of North America
a vast prairie region extending from Alberta and Saskatchewan and Manitoba in Canada south through the west central United States into Texas; formerly inhabited by Native Americans
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Air Force Research Laboratory
a United States Air Force defense laboratory responsible for discovering and developing and integrating fighting technologies for aerospace forces
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Army High Performance Computing Research Center
a United States defense laboratory to conduct research in high-performance computing for defense technology applications; a partnership of government and university and industry
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Naval Research Laboratory
the United States Navy's defense laboratory that conducts basic and applied research for the Navy in a variety of scientific and technical disciplines
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United States Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory
a defense laboratory of the Criminal Investigation Command; the United States Army's primary forensic laboratory in support of criminal intelligence
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Spanish Inquisition
an inquisition initiated in 1478 by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella that guarded the orthodoxy of Catholicism in Spain (especially from the 15th to the 17th centuries)
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Congregation of the Inquisition
an inquisition set up in Italy in 1542 to curb the number of Protestants
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Washington
the federal government of the United States
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Beatles
a rock group from Liverpool who between 1962 and 1970 produced a variety of hit songs and albums (most of them written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon)
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Lewis and Clark Expedition
an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806
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Ferdinand and Isabella
joint monarchs of Spain; Ferdinand V and Isabella I
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William and Mary
joint monarchs of England; William III and Mary II
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Tamil Eelam
the independent state that the Tamil Tigers have fought for
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Manhattan Project
a former United States executive agency that was responsible for developing atomic bombs during World War II
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Medellin cartel
a drug cartel in Colombia; controlled the production of cocaine from the 1970s until 1993 when the leader was killed
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Cali cartel
a drug cartel that seized control of cocaine production in Colombia in 1993; adopted techniques used by terrorist organizations (small cells and sophisticated communications equipment and close ties with politicians etc.)
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Carthage
an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis; founded by Phoenicians; destroyed and rebuilt by Romans; razed by Arabs in 697
- Types:
- show 275 types...
- hide 275 types...
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human beings, human race, humanity, humankind, humans, man, mankind, world
all of the living human inhabitants of the earth
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arrangement
an orderly grouping (of things or persons) considered as a unit; the result of arranging
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straggle
a wandering or disorderly grouping (of things or persons)
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kingdom
a basic group of natural objects
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biological group
a group of plants or animals
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biotic community, community
(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other
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people
(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
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social group
people sharing some social relation
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accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, collection
several things grouped together or considered as a whole
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edition
all of the identical copies of something offered to the public at the same time
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electron shell
a grouping of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom
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ethnic group, ethnos
people of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture
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race
people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock
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association
(ecology) a group of organisms (plants and animals) that live together in a certain geographical region and constitute a community with a few dominant species
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cloud, swarm
a group of many things in the air or on the ground
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subgroup
a distinct and often subordinate group within a group
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sainthood
saints collectively
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citizenry, people
the body of citizens of a state or country
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population
a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area
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hoi polloi, mass, masses, multitude, people, the great unwashed
the common people generally
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varna
(Hinduism) the name for the original social division of Vedic people into four groups (which are subdivided into thousands of jatis)
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circuit
(law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations); one of the twelve groups of states in the United States that is covered by a particular circuit court of appeals
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scheme, system
a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole
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series
a group of postage stamps having a common theme or a group of coins or currency selected as a group for study or collection
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actinide, actinoid, actinon
any of a series of radioactive elements with atomic numbers 89 through 103
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lanthanide, lanthanoid, lanthanon, rare earth, rare-earth element
any element of the lanthanide series (atomic numbers 57 through 71)
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halogen
any of five related nonmetallic elements (fluorine or chlorine or bromine or iodine or astatine) that are all monovalent and readily form negative ions
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procession
the group action of a collection of people or animals or vehicles moving ahead in more or less regular formation
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floral arrangement, flower arrangement
a decorative arrangement of flowers
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contrivance, lash-up
any improvised arrangement for temporary use
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pharmacopoeia
a collection or stock of drugs
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scaffold
a temporary arrangement erected around a building for convenience of workers
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string
a collection of objects threaded on a single strand
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wardrobe
collection of clothing belonging to one person
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wardrobe
collection of costumes belonging to a theatrical company
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population, universe
(statistics) the entire aggregation of items from which samples can be drawn
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language system
a system of linguistic units or elements used in a particular language
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array
an orderly arrangement
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categorisation, categorization, classification
a group of people or things arranged by class or category
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mineral kingdom
all inorganic objects; contrasts with animal and plant kingdoms
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genotype
a group of organisms sharing a specific genetic constitution
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biome
a major biotic community characterized by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate
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peoples
the human beings of a particular nation or community or ethnic group
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age bracket, age group, cohort
a group of people having approximately the same age
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ancients
people who lived in times long past (especially during the historical period before the fall of the Roman Empire in western Europe)
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baffled
people who are frustrated and perplexed
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blind
people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group
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blood
people viewed as members of a group
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brave
people who are brave
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cautious, timid
people who are fearful and cautious
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business people, businesspeople
people who transact business (especially business executives)
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country people, countryfolk
people living in the same country; compatriots
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damned
people who are condemned to eternal punishment
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dead
people who are no longer living
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living
people who are still living
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deaf
people who have severe hearing impairments
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defeated, discomfited
people who are defeated
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disabled, handicapped
people collectively who are crippled or otherwise physically handicapped
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doomed, lost
people who are destined to die soon
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enemy
any hostile group of people
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episcopacy, episcopate
the collective body of bishops
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aestivation, estivation
(botany) the arrangement of sepals and petals in a flower bud before it opens
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common people, folk, folks
people in general (often used in the plural)
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free, free people
people who are free
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homebound
people who are confined to their homes
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enlightened, initiate
people who have been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity
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uninitiate
people who have not been introduced to the mysteries of some field or activity
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developmentally challenged, mentally retarded, retarded
people collectively who are mentally retarded
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network army
a group of like-minded people united by the internet; a new kind of social or political of business group that may exert broad influence on a shared concern
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nationality
people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation
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peanut gallery
(figurative) people whose criticisms are regarded as irrelevant or insignificant (resembling uneducated people who throw peanuts on the stage to express displeasure with a performance)
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pocket
a small isolated group of people
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retreated
people who have retreated
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sick
people who are sick
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tradespeople
people engaged in trade
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maimed, wounded
people who are wounded
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armamentarium
the collection of equipment and methods used in the practice of medicine
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art collection
a collection of art works
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backlog
an accumulation of jobs not done or materials not processed that are yet to be dealt with (especially unfilled customer orders for products or services)
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battery
a collection of related things intended for use together
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block
a number or quantity of related things dealt with as a unit
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book, rule book
a collection of rules or prescribed standards on the basis of which decisions are made
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book
a collection of playing cards satisfying the rules of a card game
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bottle collection
a collection of bottles
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bunch, caboodle, lot
any collection in its entirety
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coin collection
a collection of coins
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collage
any collection of diverse things
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content
everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something
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ensemble, tout ensemble
an assemblage of parts or details (as in a work of art) considered as forming a whole
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corpus
a collection of writings
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crop
a collection of people or things appearing together
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tenantry
tenants of an estate considered as a group
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findings
a collection of tools and other articles used by an artisan to make jewelry or clothing or shoes
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flagging
flagstones collectively
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flinders
bits and splinters and fragments
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pack
a complete collection of similar things
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deal, hand
the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time
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long suit
in a hand, the suit having the most cards
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herbarium
a collection of dried plants that are mounted and systematically classified for study
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stamp collection
a collection of stamps
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statuary
statues collectively
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sum, sum total, summation
the final aggregate
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agglomeration
a jumbled collection or mass
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gimmickry
a collection of gimmicks
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nuclear club
the nations possessing nuclear weapons
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agglomerate, cumulation, cumulus, heap, mound, pile
a collection of objects laid on top of each other
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mass
an ill-structured collection of similar things (objects or people)
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combination
a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities
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body
a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity
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society
an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization
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migration
a group of people migrating together (especially in some given time period)
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minority
a group of people who differ racially or politically from a larger group of which it is a part
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sector
a social group that forms part of the society or the economy
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ethnic minority
a group that has different national or cultural traditions from the majority of the population
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color, colour, people of color, people of colour
a race with skin pigmentation different from the white race (especially Blacks)
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Herrenvolk, master race
a race that considers itself superior to all others and fitted to rule the others
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interest, interest group
(usually plural) a social group whose members control some field of activity and who have common aims
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clan, kin, kin group, kindred, kinship group, tribe
group of people related by blood or marriage
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kith
your friends and acquaintances
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class, social class, socio-economic class, stratum
people having the same social, economic, or educational status
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fringe
a social group holding marginal or extreme views
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assemblage, gathering
a group of persons together in one place
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congregation
an assemblage of people or animals or things collected together
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hit parade
a collection of the best or most popular people or items of a given kind
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Judaica
historical and literary materials relating to Judaism
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kludge
a badly assembled collection of parts hastily assembled to serve some particular purpose (often used to refer to computing systems or software that has been badly put together)
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library, program library, subroutine library
(computing) a collection of standard programs and subroutines that are stored and available for immediate use
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library
a collection of literary documents or records kept for reference or borrowing
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mythology
myths collectively; the body of stories associated with a culture or institution or person
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antibiosis
an association between organisms that is harmful to one of them or between organisms and a metabolic product of another
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congregation, faithful, fold
a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church
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clade
a group of biological taxa or species that share features inherited from a common ancestor
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taxon, taxonomic category, taxonomic group
animal or plant group having natural relations
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biology, biota
all the plant and animal life of a particular region
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fauna, zoology
all the animal life in a particular region or period
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petting zoo
a collection of docile animals for children to pet and feed
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animal group
a group of animals
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colony
a group of organisms of the same type living or growing together
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infestation, plague
a swarm of insects that attack plants
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set
a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used
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Victoriana
collection of materials of or characteristic of the Victorian era
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category, class, family
a collection of things sharing a common attribute
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job lot
a miscellaneous collection of things sold together
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bundle, package, packet, parcel
a collection of things wrapped or boxed together
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organisation, organization
a group of people who work together
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defence, defense, defense lawyers, defense team
the defendant and his legal advisors collectively
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prosecution
the lawyers acting for the state to put the case against the defendant
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planting
a collection of plants (trees or shrubs or flowers) in a particular area
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signage
signs collectively (especially commercial signs or posters)
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phylum
(linguistics) a large group of languages that are historically related
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GAAP, generally accepted accounting principles
a collection of rules and procedures and conventions that define accepted accounting practice; includes broad guidelines as well as detailed procedures
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laity, temporalty
in Christianity, members of a religious community that do not have the priestly responsibilities of ordained clergy
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pantheon
all the gods of a religion
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Achaean, Arcado-Cyprians
the ancient Greek inhabitants of Achaea
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Aeolian
the ancient Greek inhabitants of Aeolia
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Dorian
the ancient Greek inhabitants of Doris who entered Greece from the north about 1100 BC
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Ionian
the ancient Greek inhabitants of Attica and related regions in Ionia
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electorate
the body of enfranchised citizens; those qualified to vote
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governed
the body of people who are citizens of a particular government
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judicatory, judicature, judicial system, judiciary
the system of law courts that administer justice and constitute the judicial branch of government
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country, land, nation
the people who live in a nation or country
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Free World
anti-communist countries collectively
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Third World
underdeveloped and developing countries of Asia and Africa and Latin America collectively
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Europe
the nations of the European continent collectively
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Asia
the nations of the Asian continent collectively
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North America
the nations of the North American continent collectively
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Central America
the nations of Central America collectively
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South America
the nations of the South American continent collectively
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overpopulation
too much population
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poor, poor people
people without possessions or wealth (considered as a group)
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rich, rich people
people who have possessions and wealth (considered as a group)
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populace, public, world
people in general considered as a whole
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population
the people who inhabit a territory or state
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force
a group of people having the power of effective action
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bench
the reserve players on a team
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platoon
a group of persons who are engaged in a common activity
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division
(biology) a group of organisms forming a subdivision of a larger category
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audience
the part of the general public interested in a source of information or entertainment
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followers, following
a group of followers or enthusiasts
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revolving door
an organization or institution with a high rate of turnover of personnel or membership
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band, circle, lot, set
an unofficial association of people or groups
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gangdom, gangland, organized crime
underworld organizations
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Oort cloud
(astronomy) a hypothetical huge collection of comets orbiting the sun far beyond the orbit of Pluto; perturbations (as by other stars) can upset a comet's orbit and may send it tumbling toward the sun
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galaxy
a splendid assemblage (especially of famous people)
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extragalactic nebula, galaxy
(astronomy) a collection of star systems; any of the billions of systems each having many stars and nebulae and dust
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subculture
a social group within a national culture that has distinctive patterns of behavior and beliefs
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fleet
a group of warships organized as a tactical unit
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fleet
group of motor vehicles operating together under the same ownership
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fleet
group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership
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nonalignment, nonalinement
people (or countries) who are not aligned with other people (or countries) in a pact or treaty
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brahman, brahmin
the highest of the four varnas: the priestly or sacerdotal category
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rajanya
the second highest of the four varnas: the noble or warrior category
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vaisya
the third of the four varnas: the commoners or yeoman farmers or mercantile and professional category
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shudra, sudra
the lowest of the four varnas: the servants and workers of low status
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repertoire, repertory
a collection of works (plays, songs, operas, ballets) that an artist or company can perform and do perform for short intervals on a regular schedule
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repertoire, repertory
the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation
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economic system, economy
the system of production and distribution and consumption
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form of government, political system
the members of a social organization who are in power
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ecosystem
a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment
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generation
group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent
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descendants, posterity
all of the offspring of a given progenitor
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coevals, contemporaries, generation
all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age
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moiety
one of two basic subdivisions of a tribe
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folk, tribe
a social division of (usually preliterate) people
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tableau, tableau vivant
a group of people attractively arranged (as if in a painting)
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venation
(botany) the arrangement of veins in a leaf
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vernation
(botany) the arrangement of young leaves in a leaf bud before it opens
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lobby
the people who support some common cause or business or principle or sectional interest
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social organisation, social organization, social structure, social system, structure
the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships
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assortment, miscellanea, miscellany, mixed bag, mixture, motley, potpourri, salmagundi, smorgasbord, variety
a collection containing a variety of sorts of things
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batch, clutch
a collection of things or persons to be handled together
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batch
all the loaves of bread baked at the same time
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business, clientele, patronage
customers collectively
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rank and file
people who constitute the main body of any group
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smart money
people who are highly experienced or who have inside information
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rogue's gallery
a collection of pictures of criminals
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exhibition, expo, exposition
a collection of things (goods or works of art etc.) for public display
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convoy
a collection of merchant ships with an escort of warships
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traffic
the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time
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formation
an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit
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air power, aviation
the aggregation of a country's military aircraft
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dragnet
a system of coordinated measures for apprehending (criminals or other individuals)
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machinery
a system of means and activities whereby a social institution functions
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network, web
an interconnected system of things or people
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nonlinear system
a system whose performance cannot be described by equations of the first degree
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subsystem
a system that is part of some larger system
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organism
a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body
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syntax
a systematic orderly arrangement
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body
a collection of particulars considered as a system
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shebang
an entire system; used in the phrase `the whole shebang'
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botany, flora, vegetation
all the plant life in a particular region or period
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jurisprudence, law
the collection of rules imposed by authority
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menagerie
a collection of live animals for study or display
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order, ordering, ordination
logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements
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data, information
a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn
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ana
a collection of anecdotes about a person or place
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mail, post
any particular collection of letters or packages that is delivered
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treasure
a collection of precious things
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treasure trove
any collection of valuables that is discovered
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trinketry
trinkets and other ornaments of dress collectively
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troponomy, troponymy
the place names of a region or a language considered collectively
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front, movement, social movement
a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals
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unconfessed
people who have not confessed
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unemployed, unemployed people
people who are involuntarily out of work (considered as a group)
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womankind
women as distinguished from men
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Jewry
Jews collectively
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smithereens
a collection of small fragments considered as a whole
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chosen people
any people believing themselves to be chosen by God
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Azeri
an ethnic group living in Azerbaijan
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Bengali
an ethnic group speaking Bengali and living in Bangladesh and eastern India
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Flemish
an ethnic group speaking Flemish and living in northern and western Belgium
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Hebrews, Israelites
the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)
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Mbundu, Ovimbundu
an ethnic group speaking Umbundu and living in western Angola
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Tadzhik, Tajik
an ethnic group (mostly Moslem) living in Tajikistan and neighboring areas of Uzbekistan and Afghanistan and China
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Walloons
an ethnic group speaking a dialect of French and living in southern and eastern Belgium and neighboring parts of France
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wing
a group within a political party or legislature or other organization that holds distinct views or has a particular function
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solar system
the sun with the celestial bodies that revolve around it in its gravitational field
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water system
a river and all of its tributaries
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Black race, Negro race, Negroid race
a dark-skinned race
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Caucasian race, Caucasoid race, White people, White race
a light-skinned race
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Mongolian race, Mongoloid race, Yellow race
an Asian race
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Amerindian race, Indian race
usually included in the Mongoloid race
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Indian race
sometimes included in the Caucasian race; native to the subcontinent of India
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Abo, Aboriginal, Aborigine, Australian Aborigine, native Australian
a dark-skinned member of a race of people living in Australia when Europeans arrived
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Slavic people, Slavic race
a race of people speaking a Slavonic language
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Kurd
a member of a largely pastoral Islamic people who live in Kurdistan; the largest ethnic group without their own state
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Igbo
a member of the largest ethnic group in southeastern Nigeria
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Nubian
a native or inhabitant of Nubia
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root system, rootage
a developed system of roots
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terbium metal
a separate group of related lanthanides, including terbium, europium, gadolinium, and sometimes dysprosium
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At, astatine, atomic number 85
a highly unstable radioactive element (the heaviest of the halogen series); a decay product of uranium and thorium
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Br, atomic number 35, bromine
a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water
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Cl, atomic number 17, chlorine
a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
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F, atomic number 9, fluorine
a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
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I, atomic number 53, iodin, iodine
a nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; used especially in medicine and photography and in dyes; occurs naturally only in combination in small quantities (as in sea water or rocks)
