- Types:
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chain, chemical chain
(chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule)
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couple
(physics) something joined by two equal and opposite forces that act along parallel lines
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unit cell
the smallest group of atoms or molecules whose repetition at regular intervals in three dimensions produces the lattices of a crystal
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chemical group, group, radical
(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule
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molecule
(physics and chemistry) the simplest structural unit of an element or compound
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closed chain, ring
(chemistry) a chain of atoms in a molecule that forms a closed loop
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dipole
a pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance
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dipole molecule
a molecule that is a permanent dipole
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long chain, long-chain molecule
(chemistry) a relatively long chain of atoms in a molecule
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open chain
a chain of atoms in a molecule whose ends are not joined to form a ring
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protein molecule
any large molecule containing chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
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acyl, acyl group
any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group
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alcohol group, alcohol radical
the chemical group -OH
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aldehyde group, aldehyde radical
the chemical group -CHO
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alkyl, alkyl group, alkyl radical
any of a series of univalent groups of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons
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allyl, allyl group, allyl radical
the univalent unsaturated organic radical C3H5; derived from propylene
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amino, amino group
the radical -NH2
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amyl
a hydrocarbon radical that occurs in many organic compounds
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azido group, azido radical
the univalent group N3- derived from hydrazoic acid
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azo group, azo radical
the bivalent group -N=N- united to two hydrocarbon groups
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benzyl, benzyl group, benzyl radical
the univalent radical derived from toluene
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benzoyl group, benzoyl radical
the univalent radical derived from benzoic acid
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arsenic group, cacodyl, cacodyl group, cacodyl radical
the univalent group derived from arsine
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carbonyl group
the bivalent radical CO
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carboxyl, carboxyl group
the univalent radical -COOH; present in and characteristic of organic acids
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coenzyme
a small molecule (not a protein but sometimes a vitamin) essential for the activity of some enzymes
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chromophore
the chemical group that gives color to a molecule
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cyanide group, cyanide radical, cyano group, cyano radical
the monovalent group -CN in a chemical compound
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EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
a complex molecule used medically to chelate metal ions in cases of lead or heavy metal poisoning
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glyceryl
a trivalent radical derived from glycerol by removing the three hydroxyl radicals
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hydrazo group, hydrazo radical
the bivalent group -HNNH- derived from hydrazine
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hydroxyl, hydroxyl group, hydroxyl radical
the monovalent group -OH in such compounds as bases and some acids and alcohols
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ketone group
a group having the characteristic properties of ketones
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macromolecule, supermolecule
any very large complex molecule; found only in plants and animals
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methylene, methylene group, methylene radical
the bivalent radical CH2 derived from methane
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propyl, propyl group, propyl radical
the monovalent organic group C3H7- obtained from propane
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butyl
a hydrocarbon radical (C4H9)
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nitro group
the group -NO3
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nitrite
the radical -NO2 or any compound containing it (such as a salt or ester of nitrous acid)
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uranyl, uranyl group, uranyl radical
the bivalent radical UO2 which forms salts with acids
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vinyl, vinyl group, vinyl radical
a univalent chemical radical derived from ethylene
