- Types:
- show 36 types...
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alanine
a crystalline amino acid that occurs in many proteins
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asparagine
a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and in many plants (e.g., asparagus)
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aspartic acid
a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and occurring naturally in sugar beets and sugar cane
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canavanine
an amino acid found in the jack bean
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citrulline
an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine
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cysteine
an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins; oxidizes on exposure to air to form cystine
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cystine
a crystalline amino acid found in proteins (especially keratin); discovered in bladder stones
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dihydroxyphenylalanine, dopa
amino acid that is formed in the liver and converted into dopamine in the brain
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essential amino acid
an amino acid that is required by animals but that they cannot synthesize; must be supplied in the diet
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GABA, gamma aminobutyric acid
an amino acid that is found in the central nervous system; acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter
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glutamic acid, glutaminic acid
an amino acid occurring in proteins; important in the nitrogen metabolism of plants; used in monosodium glutamate to enhance the flavor of meats
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glutamine
a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism
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glycine
the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane
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hydroxyproline
a crystalline amino acid obtained from gelatin or collagen
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iodoamino acid
an amino acid with iodine added
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ornithine
an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is important in the formation of urea
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proline
an amino acid that is found in many proteins (especially collagen)
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creatin, creatine
an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates both in the free form and as phosphocreatine; supplies energy for muscle contraction
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sarcosine
a sweetish crystalline amino acid
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serine
a sweetish crystalline amino acid involved in the synthesis by the body of cysteine
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thyronine
a phenolic amino acid of which thyroxine is a derivative
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tyramine
amino acid derived from tyrosine; has a sympathomimetic action; found in chocolate and cola drinks and ripe cheese and beer
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tyrosine
an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones
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Bendopa, Brocadopa, L-dopa, Larodopa, levodopa
the levorotatory form of dopa (trade names Bendopa and Brocadopa and Larodopa); as a drug it is used to treat Parkinson's disease
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arginine
a bitter tasting amino acid found in proteins and necessary for nutrition; its absence from the diet leads to a reduced production of spermatozoa
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iodotyrosine
tyrosine with iodine added
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iodothyronine
thyronine with iodine added
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histidine
an essential amino acid found in proteins that is important for the growth and repair of tissue
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isoleucine
an essential amino acid found in proteins; isomeric with leucine
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leucine
a white crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins that is essential for nutrition; obtained by the hydrolysis of most dietary proteins
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lysine
an essential amino acid found in proteins; occurs especially in gelatin and casein
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methionine
a crystalline amino acid containing sulfur; found in most proteins and essential for nutrition
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phenylalanine
an essential amino acid found in proteins and needed for growth of children and for protein metabolism in children and adults; abundant in milk and eggs; it is normally converted to tyrosine in the human body
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threonine
a colorless crystalline amino acid found in protein; occurs in the hydrolysates of certain proteins; an essential component of human nutrition
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tryptophan, tryptophane
an amino acid that occurs in proteins; is essential for growth and normal metabolism; a precursor of niacin
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valine
an essential amino acid found in proteins; important for growth in children and nitrogen balance in adults